ArticlePLoS biology2013
Mom knows best: the universality of maternal microbial transmission.
Article in PLoS biology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05730569 (Description and Comparison of Biological Vulnerability in Small Vulnerable Newborns Versus Healthy Community Controls in Urban Burkina Faso), which is not on this map. Cited by 334 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Description and Comparison of Biological Vulnerability in Small Vulnerable Newborns Versus Healthy Community Controls in Urban Burkina Faso (DenBalo): Gut Microbiota, Immune System, and Breastmilk Assembly and Development in the First Days and Weeks of Life
Who cites it
334 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Difference in the Intestinal Microbiota between Breastfeed Infants and Infants Fed with Artificial Milk: A Systematic Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of Whole-Grain and Sugar Content in Infant Cereals on Gut Microbiota at Weaning: A Randomized Trial.Nutrients · 2021Trial
- Response of the Human Milk Microbiota to A Maternal Prebiotic Intervention is Individual and Influenced by Maternal Age.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Independent and combined effects of improved water, sanitation, and hygiene, and improved complementary feeding, on stunting and anaemia among HIV-exposed children in rural Zimbabwe: a cluster-randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2019Trial
- Maternal prenatal co-exposure to air pollution and psychological distress shapes the neonatal gut: microbiota-mediated pathways to early neurodevelopment.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Delayed maturation of the milk microbiome in women with type 1 diabetes.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Effects of Prenatal Ursodeoxycholic Acid and Probiotic Supplementation on Stress Parameters, Immune Response and Lamb Survival Rates in Ewes.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Article
- The development of residential gut microbiota in mice at different phases in early life.iScience · 2026Article
- Maternal Microbiome in Fetal Programming: A One Health Perspective on Translational Implications for Early-Life Health.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Temperature at parental generation affects bacterial communities associated with offspring for both host and parasitoid.FEMS microbiology ecology · 2026Article
- Maternal-prenatal gut microbiome-systemic metabolome perturbations and TGenome medicine · 2026Article
- Insights into pig resilience: the Microbiome-genetic connection.Porcine health management · 2026Review
- Host-Associated Bacterial Community Changes After Laboratory Introduction Vary With Wolbachia Presence.Environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Evidences That Host Genetic Background More Than the Environment Shapes the Microbiota of the Snail Bulinus truncatus, an Intermediate Host of Schistosoma Species.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- Article
- Progressive microbial alterations in the human gut and lung across early life: implications for translational medicine.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Maternal-fetal dialogue and immunological programming: from fetal development to long-term health outcomes.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Effects of commonly used antibiotics on children's developing gut microbiomes and resistomes in peri-urban Lima, Peru.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Breastfeeding and infant gut microbiota: influence of bioactive components.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- The origin of circulating microbial DNA in the blood: where does it come from?Annals of medicine · 2025Review
274 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The sterile womb paradigm is an enduring premise in biology that human infants are born sterile. Recent studies suggest that infants incorporate an initial microbiome before birth and receive copious supplementation of maternal microbes through birth and breastfeeding. Moreover, evidence for microbial maternal transmission is increasingly widespread across animals. This collective knowledge compels a paradigm shift—one in which maternal transmission of microbes advances from a taxonomically specialized phenomenon to a universal one in animals. It also engenders fresh views on the assembly of the microbiome, its role in animal evolution, and applications to human health and disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.