SynthesisAIDS and behavior2013
Effectiveness of structural-level needle/syringe programs to reduce HCV and HIV infection among people who inject drugs: a systematic review.
Synthesis in AIDS and behavior, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 108 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
108 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 219 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insights into the spatial epidemiology of hepatitis C infection: systematic synthesis of area-level determinants and spatiotemporal analyses.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of harm minimization interventions on reducing blood-borne infection transmission and some injecting behaviors among people who inject drugs: an overview and evidence gap mapping.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2024Pooled it
- The Impact of Needle and Syringe Exchange Programs on HIV-Related Risk Behaviors in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Examining Individual- Versus Community-Level Effects.AIDS and behavior · 2023Pooled it
- Global associations of key populations with HIV-1 recombinants: a systematic review, global survey, and individual participant data meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Health harms of non-medical prescription opioid use: A systematic review.Drug and alcohol review · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Interventions for Prevention of Common Infections Among Opioid Users: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews.Frontiers in public health · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Public Health and Public Order Outcomes Associated with Supervised Drug Consumption Facilities: a Systematic Review.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2017Pooled it
- Needle exchange programs for the prevention of hepatitis C virus infection in people who inject drugs: a systematic review with meta-analysis.Harm reduction journal · 2017Pooled it
- Effectiveness of needle and syringe Programmes in people who inject drugs - An overview of systematic reviews.BMC public health · 2017Pooled it
- Effect of modified income assistance payment schedules on substance use service access: Evidence from an experimental study.The International journal on drug policy · 2024Trial
- High Mortality Among Non-HIV-Infected People Who Inject Drugs in Bangkok, Thailand, 2005-2012.American journal of public health · 2015Trial
- CDC AIDS Project 72: The Prostitute Study.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- What We Owe: A Liberatory Ethics of Harm Reduction.Nursing inquiry · 2026Article
- Patterns of polysubstance use among people who use drugs on an American Indian reservation of a southern plains Tribal Nation.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Substance Use and Sex Index version 2 (SUSI-2): Validation of a brief questionnaire for the measurement of behaviours associated with transmission of blood borne viruses and sexually transmitted infections.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Potential reasons for the decline of new HIV cases among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Kyrgyzstan.PloS one · 2026Article
- The role of impulsivity in injection-related risk behaviours among people who inject drugs in Montreal, Canada.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
- Promises and pitfalls of safer smoking supply distribution in the United States: a thematic analysis of open-ended survey questions from harm reduction organizations.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Tribally-affiliated syringe services programs in the United States: a brief report.Harm reduction journal · 2025Article
48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Needle-syringe programs (NSP) have been effective in reducing HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) infection among people who inject drugs (PWID). Achieving sustainable reductions in these blood-borne infections requires addressing structural factors so PWID can legally access NSP services. Systematic literature searches collected information on NSP coverage and changes in HIV or HCV infection prevalence or incidence at the population level. Included studies had to document biomarkers (HIV or HCV) coupled with structural-level NSP, defined by a minimum 50 % coverage of PWID and distribution of 10 or more needles/syringe per PWID per year. Fifteen studies reported structural-level NSP and changes in HIV or HCV infection prevalence/incidence. Nine reported decreases in HIV prevalence, six in HCV infection prevalence, and three reported decreases in HIV incidence. The results support NSP as a structural-level intervention to reduce population-level infection and implementation of NSP for prevention and treatment of HIV and HCV infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.