ArticleGlycoconjugate journal2013
Investigating the candidacy of a lipoteichoic acid-based glycoconjugate as a vaccine to combat Clostridium difficile infection.
Article in Glycoconjugate journal, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Immune Aspects of Clostridioides difficile Infection and Vaccine Development.Infectious disease clinics of North America · 2025Review
- Immunization Strategies Against Clostridioides difficile.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- The absence of surface D-alanylation, localized on lipoteichoic acid, impacts theFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Major pathogenicIranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2022Review
- Towards Development of a Non-ToxigenicPharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Comparison of polysaccharide glycoconjugates as candidate vaccines to combat Clostridiodes (Clostridium) difficile.Glycoconjugate journal · 2021Article
- Discovery of Semi- and Fully-Synthetic Carbohydrate Vaccines Against Bacterial Infections Using a Medicinal Chemistry Approach.Chemical reviews · 2021Review
- An atypical lipoteichoic acid fromThe Journal of biological chemistry · 2020Article
- Article
- Synthetic Oligosaccharide-Based Vaccines Protect Mice fromACS chemical biology · 2019Article
- Llama peripheral B-cell populations producing conventional and heavy chain-only IgG subtypes are phenotypically indistinguishable but immunogenetically distinct.Immunogenetics · 2019Article
- Potential targets for next generation antimicrobial glycoconjugate vaccines.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2018Review
- Review
- TargetingFrontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Characteristics of the Clostridium difficile cell envelope and its importance in therapeutics.Microbial biotechnology · 2017Review
- A Clostridium difficile Cell Wall Glycopolymer Locus Influences Bacterial Shape, Polysaccharide Production and Virulence.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
- Article
- Novel approaches to treating Clostridium difficile-associated colitis.Expert review of gastroenterology & hepatology · 2016Review
- An update on antibody-based immunotherapies for Clostridium difficile infection.Clinical and experimental gastroenterology · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A lipoteichoic acid has recently been shown to be conserved in the majority of strains from Clostridium difficile and as such is being considered as a possible vaccine antigen. In this study we examine the candidacy of the conserved lipoteichoic acid by demonstrating that it is possible to elicit antibodies against C. difficile strains following immunisation of rabbits and mice with glycoconjugates elaborating the conserved lipoteichoic acid antigen. The present study describes a conjugation strategy that utilises an amino functionality, present at approximately 33 % substitution of the N-acetyl-glucosamine residues within the LTA polymer repeating unit, as the attachment point for conjugation. A maleimide-thiol linker strategy with the maleimide linker on the carboxyl residues of the carrier protein and the thiol linker on the carbohydrate was employed. Immunisation derived antisera from rabbits and mice, recognised all strains of C. difficile vegetative cells examined, despite an immune response to the linkers also being observed. These sera recognised live cells in an immunofluorescence assay and were also able to recognise the spore form of the bacterium. This study has illustrated that the LTA polymer is a highly conserved surface polymer of C. difficile that is easily accessible to the immune system and as such merits consideration as a vaccine antigen to combat C. difficile infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.