ArticleCell2013
Serotonin and the neuropeptide PDF initiate and extend opposing behavioral states in C. elegans.
Article in Cell, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 271 papers.
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271 citing papers in PubMed.
- C. elegans GPCR kinase GRK-1 maintains behavioral persistence in a dynamic thermal environment.EMBO reports · 2026Article
- Deep-Pose-Tracker: an automated behavioural analysis framework for Caenorhabditis elegans.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Neuronal Nrf/SKN-1B controls a sexually dimorphic neuroendocrine pathway for C. elegans exploratory behaviour.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- Fertility reversibly modulatesbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Serotonergic modulation of motor subspace dynamics drives a sleep-independent quiescent state.eLife · 2026Article
- A circadian clock gene homolog regulates developmental timing and male mating circuitry iniScience · 2026Article
- Uncovering internal states with a robust shared-state multi-neuron GLM-HMM framework.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- SynaptoTagMe, a toolkit for in vivo mapping and modulating neurotransmission at single-cell resolution.eLife · 2026Article
- A single brief cue leaves a day-long internal state imprint in planarians.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Deconstructing a behavioral state: parallel neural integrators control distinct features of an aversive behavioral state inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Neural sequences underlying directed turning in Caenorhabditis elegans.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Identification of bacterial signals that modulate enteric sensory neurons to influence behavior in C. elegans.Current biology : CB · 2026Article
- Epigenetic constraints and enhancer innovation link neuronal plasticity to evolutionary adaptation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Fatty acid regulation of feeding inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Metabolic state modulates risky foraging behavior via multiple branches of the insulin/IGF-1-like pathway in C. elegans.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- INS-17 acts as a nutrient deprivation signal to mediate adult IIS-regulated associative behaviors in C. elegans.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- Induction and regulation of reversible suspended animation in C. elegans.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Auxin-inducible degradation of UNC-116 in C. elegans inhibits bidirectional dense core vesicle transport and worm locomotion on different timescales.Journal of cell science · 2026Article
- Article
- Intestinal pathogens override hunger-driven decision-making via immune regulation of central serotonin signaling in C. elegans.Nature communications · 2026Article
211 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Foraging animals have distinct exploration and exploitation behaviors that are organized into discrete behavioral states. Here, we characterize a neuromodulatory circuit that generates long-lasting roaming and dwelling states in Caenorhabditis elegans. We find that two opposing neuromodulators, serotonin and the neuropeptide pigment dispersing factor (PDF), each initiate and extend one behavioral state. Serotonin promotes dwelling states through the MOD-1 serotonin-gated chloride channel. The spontaneous activity of serotonergic neurons correlates with dwelling behavior, and optogenetic modulation of the critical MOD-1-expressing targets induces prolonged dwelling states. PDF promotes roaming states through a Gαs-coupled PDF receptor; optogenetic activation of cAMP production in PDF receptor-expressing cells induces prolonged roaming states. The neurons that produce and respond to each neuromodulator form a distributed circuit orthogonal to the classical wiring diagram, with several essential neurons that express each molecule. The slow temporal dynamics of this neuromodulatory circuit supplement fast motor circuits to organize long-lasting behavioral states.
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