ArticleBrain, behavior, and immunity2013
CCL5 and cytokine expression in the rat brain: differential modulation by chronic morphine and morphine withdrawal.
Article in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- The neuroimmune-glutamate hypothesis of addiction.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2026Review
- EFFECTS OF TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR 3 - DEPENDENT IMMUNE ACTIVATION IN MICE ARE SEX- AND TISSUE- SPECIFIC: IMPLICATIONS FOR ALCOHOL USE DISORDER.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Modulating morphine-induced conditioned place preference: The role of diclofenac sodium.Toxicology reports · 2025Article
- Potential roles for microglia in drug addiction: Adolescent neurodevelopment and beyond.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2025Review
- Differential effects of fentanyl compared to morphine on neuroinflammatory signaling in the brain in EcoHIV-infected mice.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
- Impact of Exercise on Tramadol-Conditioned Place Preference.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Chronic Voluntary Morphine Intake Is Associated with Changes in Brain Structures Involved in Drug Dependence in a Rat Model of Polydrug Use.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Meta-Analysis of the Mechanisms Underlying COVID-19 Modulation of Parkinson's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Cyanidin prevents MDPV withdrawal-induced anxiety-like effects and dysregulation of cytokine systems in rats.Brain research · 2023Article
- Multi-chemokine receptor antagonist RAP-103 inhibits opioid-derived respiratory depression, reduces opioid reinforcement and physical dependence, and normalizes opioid-induced dysregulation of mesolimbic chemokine receptors in rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
- A cAMP-Related Gene Network in Microglia Is Inversely Regulated by Morphine Tolerance and Withdrawal.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2022Article
- Goofballing of Opioid and Methamphetamine: The Science Behind the Deadly Cocktail.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Cytokine Signalling at the Microglial Penta-Partite Synapse.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Inflammatory Biomarkers in Addictive Disorders.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Neuronal apoptosis induced by morphine withdrawal is mediated by the p75 neurotrophin receptor.Journal of neurochemistry · 2021Article
- The Effects of Repeated Morphine Treatment on the Endogenous Cannabinoid System in the Ventral Tegmental Area.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Neuroimmune mechanisms of psychostimulant and opioid use disorders.The European journal of neuroscience · 2019Review
- Morphine withdrawal recruits lateral habenula cytokine signaling to reduce synaptic excitation and sociability.Nature neuroscience · 2019Article
- Calcium Dyshomeostasis Alters CCL5 Signaling in Differentiated PC12 Cells.BioMed research international · 2019Article
- SB-334867 (an Orexin-1 Receptor Antagonist) Effects on Morphine-Induced Sensitization in Mice-a View on Receptor Mechanisms.Molecular neurobiology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Opioids have been shown to influence the immune system and to promote the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the central nervous system. However, recent data have shown that activation of opioid receptors increases the expression and release of the neuroprotective chemokine CCL5 from astrocytes in vitro. To further define the interaction between CCL5 and inflammation in response to opioids, we have examined the effect of chronic morphine and morphine withdrawal on the in vivo expression of CCL5 as well as of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Rats undergoing a chronic morphine paradigm (10 mg/kg increasing to 30 mg/kg, twice a day for 5 days) showed a twofold increase of CCL5 protein and mRNA within the cortex and striatum. No changes were observed in the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α. Naltrexone blocked the effect of morphine. A chronic morphine paradigm with no escalating doses (10 mg/kg, twice a day) did not alter CCL5 levels compared to saline-treated animals. On the contrary, rats undergoing spontaneous morphine withdrawal exhibited lower levels of CCL5 within the cortex as well as increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and Iba-1 positive cells than saline-treated rats. Overall, these data suggest that morphine withdrawal may promote cytokines and other inflammatory responses that have the potential of exacerbating neuronal damage.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.