ArticlePreventing chronic disease2013
Are physical education policies working? A snapshot from San Francisco, 2011.
Article in Preventing chronic disease, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi-strategy intervention increases school implementation and maintenance of a mandatory physical activity policy: outcomes of a cluster randomised controlled trial.British journal of sports medicine · 2022Trial
- Barriers to Care for Pediatric Patients with Obesity.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Barriers and enablers to the implementation of school-based obesity prevention strategies in Jeddah, KSA.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2022Article
- School-level factors associated with the sustainment of weekly physical activity scheduled in Australian elementary schools: an observational study.BMC public health · 2022Observational
- SNAP-Ed physical activity interventions in low-income schools are associated with greater cardiovascular fitness among 5th and 7th grade students in California.Preventive medicine reports · 2020Article
- Article
- The theory of expanded, extended, and enhanced opportunities for youth physical activity promotion.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2016Article
- Public Disclosure to Improve Physical Education in an Urban School District: Results From a 2-Year Quasi-Experimental Study.The Journal of school health · 2015Article
- The potential and reality of physical education in controlling overweight and obesity.American journal of public health · 2015Article
- Physical education or playtime: which is more effective at promoting physical activity in primary school children?BMC research notes · 2015Article
- Lessons Learned: A Strategic Alliance to Improve Elementary Physical Education in an Urban School District.Progress in community health partnerships : research, education, and action · 2015Article
- Association of environment and policy characteristics on children's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and time spent sedentary in afterschool programs.Preventive medicine · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionSchool physical education (PE) has been identified as a critical public health tool to increase physical activity among youths. We sought to objectively assess compliance with PE quantity mandates and quality recommendations in a large urban California school district.
methodsWe collected PE schedules and systematically observed PE lessons (n=154) in 20 elementary, 4 middle, and 4 high schools from February through May 2011.
resultsOn the basis of schools' master schedules, 83% of elementary schools met the California state mandate of 100 PE minutes per week. Teachers' actual schedules indicated that 20% of schools met the mandate, and observation showed that only 5% were in compliance. All middle and high schools met the mandated 200 minutes per week. On average, classes at all school levels met the recommended 50% of PE lesson time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. No teacher- or school-level factors significantly predicted PE quantity, but credentialed elementary PE teachers spent more time building students' motor skills.
conclusionsOur results suggest that current national estimates of PE, which are based on schools' self-report, overestimate the amount of PE provided in elementary schools. Although more than half of PE class time was spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, total physical activity in elementary schools from PE is minimal and may do little to contribute to students' overall health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.