ArticleBMC public health2013
Work-related violence and inconsistent condom use with non-paying partners among female sex workers in Adama City, Ethiopia.
Article in BMC public health, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inconsistent condom use and its associated factors among female sex workers in African countries: Systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2026Pooled it
- Gender-based violence syndemics in global health: A systematic review.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence of sexual violence in Ethiopian workplaces: systematic review and meta-analysis.Reproductive health · 2020Pooled it
- Risk behaviours among female sex workers in China: a systematic review and data synthesis.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- Socio-economic condition and lack of virological suppression among adults and adolescents receiving antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia.PloS one · 2020Trial
- An Open Letter on Advancing HIV prevention: Augmenting an ecosystem-based approach to understand prevention decision-making.Gates open research · 2024Article
- Prevalence and factors associated with inconsistent condom use among female sex workers in Ethiopia: findings from the national biobehavioral survey, 2020.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Description of HIV risk behavior among adolescent female sex workers: Findings from the nationwide cross-sectional integrated biological and behavioral surveillance (IBBS) 2014-15 survey for HIV in India.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2023Article
- Multiple indicators of violence against female sex workers and its associated factors in Ghana: Evidence from the 2015 integrated bio-behavioral surveillance survey cross-sectional study.Health science reports · 2023Article
- Coping strategies and perceived barriers of women hospitality workplace employees to sexual harassment in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia: a grounded theory approach.BMC psychology · 2021Article
- Perception and experiences of sexual harassment among women working in hospitality workplaces of Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Article
- Actions taken by female sex workers (FSWs) after condom failure in semi urban Blantyre, Malawi.BMC women's health · 2020Article
- Pathways from Police, Intimate Partner, and Client Violence to Condom Use Outcomes among Sex Workers in Jamaica.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2020Article
- Prevalence of Self-Reported Symptoms of Sexually Transmitted Infection among Establishment-Based Female Sex Workers in Ethiopia.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2020Article
- Unseen, unheard and unprotected: prevalence and correlates of violence among female sex workers in Mozambique.Culture, health & sexuality · 2019Article
- Article
- The impact and cost-effectiveness of combined HIV prevention scenarios among transgender women sex-workers in Lima, Peru: a mathematical modelling study.The Lancet. Public health · 2019Article
- Adapting the Risk Environment Framework to Understand Substance Use, Gender-Based Violence, and HIV Risk Behaviors Among Female Sex Workers in Tanzania.AIDS and behavior · 2018Article
- Influence of indoor work environments on health, safety, and human rights among migrant sex workers at the Guatemala-Mexico Border: a call for occupational health and safety interventions.BMC international health and human rights · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough reported condom use between female sex workers and their clients is high in Ethiopia, condom use with regular, non-paying partners remains low, posing a substantial risk of HIV infection to sex workers, their partners and the general population. Previous studies have identified the synergistic effects of substance abuse, violence and HIV risk, but few have examined these inter-relationships among female sex workers and their regular, non-paying partners. This study explored the associations between work-related violence, alcohol abuse and inconsistent condom use among establishment-based female sex workers and their regular, non-paying partners in Adama City, Ethiopia.
methodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted with 350 establishment-based female sex workers, aged 15-35, at 63 bars, hotels and nightclubs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to test the association between work-related violence and condom use with regular, non-paying partners, controlling for age, overall income, education and sex workers' total number of sexual partners in the past week. Alcohol abuse was explored as an effect modifier.
resultsRespondents reported a high prevalence of work-related violence (59%) and alcohol abuse (51%). Work-related violence was statistically significantly associated with unprotected sex with regular, non-paying partners among those who abused alcohol (OR: 6.34, 95% CI: 2.43-16.56) and among those who did not (OR: 2.98, 95% CI: 1.36-6.54). Alcohol abuse was not associated with inconsistent condom use within these partnerships, though it may strengthen the effect of work-related violence on unprotected sex.
conclusionsFindings suggest violence against establishment-based female sex workers is associated with HIV risk within regular, non-paying partnerships. Qualitative work is needed to better understand the links between a violent work environment and condom use with regular, non-paying partners and how interventions can be implemented in this context to prevent violence against sex workers and reduce HIV transmission.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.