ArticlePloS one2013
Incomplete normalization of regulatory t-cell frequency in the gut mucosa of Colombian HIV-infected patients receiving long-term antiretroviral treatment.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cycling CD4+ T cells in HIV-infected immune nonresponders have mitochondrial dysfunction.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2018Trial
- Article
- Multiparametric Immune Profiles and Their Potential Role in HIV-1 Disease Progression and Treatment.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Role of Tissue Resident Memory CD4 T Cells in Herpes Simplex Viral and HIV Infection.Viruses · 2021Review
- IL-7 induces sCD127 release and mCD127 downregulation in human CD8European journal of immunology · 2020Article
- Intestinal CD4 Depletion in HIV / SIV Infection.Current immunology reviews · 2019Article
- Mucosal Immunity in HIV/SIV Infection: T Cells, B Cells and Beyond.Current immunology reviews · 2019Article
- A Lachnospiraceae-dominated bacterial signature in the fecal microbiota of HIV-infected individuals from Colombia, South America.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Regulatory T cells in retroviral infections.PLoS pathogens · 2018Review
- Helios + Regulatory T cell frequencies are correlated with control of viral replication and recovery of absolute CD4 T cells counts in early HIV-1 infection.BMC immunology · 2017Article
- High density lipoproteins selectively promote the survival of human regulatory T cells.Journal of lipid research · 2017Article
- Phenotypical characterization of regulatory T cells in humans and rodents.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2016Review
- Brief Report: A High Rate of β7+ Gut-Homing Lymphocytes in HIV-Infected Immunological Nonresponders is Associated With Poor CD4 T-Cell Recovery During Suppressive HAART.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2016Article
- PD-L1 Blockade Differentially Impacts Regulatory T Cells from HIV-Infected Individuals Depending on Plasma Viremia.PLoS pathogens · 2015Article
- New Insights about Treg and Th17 Cells in HIV Infection and Disease Progression.Journal of immunology research · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionTo evaluate the effect of late initiation of HAART and poor immune reconstitution on the frequency of regulatory T-cells (Treg) in the peripheral blood and gut of HIV-infected patients, we studied Colombian HIV-infected patients who had been on suppressive HAART for at least one year. They had undetectable viremia but were either immunological responders (HIR); (CD4 counts >500 cells/µl) or non-immunological responders (NIR); (CD4 T-cell count <300 cells/µl). Untreated HIV-infected patients and uninfected controls from the same region were also evaluated.
methodsFrequency and phenotype of regulatory T-cells (Treg) were analyzed in gut biopsies and blood samples. The functional effect of Treg depletion on CMV and HIV responses was determined. Markers of immune activation and circulating LPS levels were quantified.
resultsUntreated patients exhibited high Treg frequency in PBMC and gut, and their Treg express high levels of CTLA-4 and PD-1. Although HAART significantly decreased mucosal Treg frequency, it did not normalize it in any of the treated groups (HIR and NIR patients). Treg normalization was observed in the blood of HIR patients following HAART, but did not occur in NIR patients. Treg from HIV-infected patients (treated or not) suppressed HIV and hCMV-specific T-cells from gut and blood. Plasma LPS levels and percentage of HLA-DR+CD38+ T-cells were significantly elevated in all infected groups compared to controls.
conclusionsThese findings suggest that control of viral replication is not sufficient to normalize gut Treg frequency in patients, independent of their response to HAART. Furthermore, persistence of functional Treg in the gut appears to be associated with the failure of HAART to repair mucosal damage.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.