ArticleJAMA psychiatry2013
Glutamate levels in the associative striatum before and after 4 weeks of antipsychotic treatment in first-episode psychosis: a longitudinal proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.
Article in JAMA psychiatry, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 120 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
120 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 183 citations in OpenAlex.
- Variability and magnitude of brain glutamate levels in schizophrenia: a meta and mega-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Glutamatergic and GABAergic metabolite levels in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis ofMolecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of ultra-high field glutamate, glutamine, GABA and glutathione 1HMRS in psychosis: Implications for studies of psychosis risk.Schizophrenia research · 2020Pooled it
- Imaging-based neurochemistry in schizophrenia: a systematic review and implications for dysfunctional long-term potentiation.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2015Pooled it
- Response to initial antipsychotic treatment in first episode psychosis is related to anterior cingulate glutamate levels: a multicentreMolecular psychiatry · 2018Trial
- Selective augmentation of striatal functional connectivity following NMDA receptor antagonism: implications for psychosis.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2015Trial
- Cannabis use and glutamate across the psychosis spectrum: in vivo evidence from 7T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Group Differences of Multiregion Glutamate Concentration in Clinical High Risk and Schizophrenia.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- The association among glutamate, GABA, and anterior cingulate connectivity in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Implications for symptom domains.European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists · 2026Article
- Associations between glutamate and cerebral blood flow in treatment-resistant schizophrenia during clozapine treatment.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Can Sodium Oxybate Mitigate the Symptoms of Schizophrenia?Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- Concerted elevations of cortical and striatal glutamate and GABA in antipsychotic-free individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Glutamate, Contextual Insensitivity, and Disorganized Speech in First-Episode Schizophrenia: A 7T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2025Article
- A Synergistic Examination of Excitatory-Inhibitory Balance in First-Episode Schizophrenia Merging 7-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging and Magnetoencephalography.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Glutamate-Based Therapeutic Strategies for Schizophrenia: Emerging Approaches Beyond Dopamine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Decreased low-frequency amplitude of the right caudate nucleus in patients with chronic schizophrenia treated with risperidone combined with clozapine.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Dysfunction of the NMDA Receptor in the Pathophysiology of Schizophrenia and/or the Pathomechanisms of Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Glutamatergic basis of antipsychotic response in first-episode psychosis: a dual voxel study of the anterior cingulate cortex.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Histamine-3 Receptor Availability and Glutamate Levels in the Brain: A PET-1H-MRS Study of Patients With Schizophrenia and Healthy Controls.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Peripheral and central biomarkers associated with inflammation in antipsychotic naïve first episode psychosis: Pilot studies.Schizophrenia research · 2024Article
60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
importanceIncreased glutamate levels in the right associative striatum have been described in patients during a first episode of psychosis. Whether this increase would persist after effective antipsychotic treatment is unknown.
objectivesTo compare the glutamate levels in antipsychotic-naive patients with first-episode psychosis in the right associative striatum and right cerebellar cortex using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy before and 4 weeks after antipsychotic treatment and to compare these results with normative data from sex-matched healthy control subjects. DESIGN, SETTING, AND
participantsBefore-after trial in an inpatient psychiatric research unit among 24 antipsychotic-naive patients with first-episode psychosis and 18 healthy controls matched for age, sex, handedness, and cigarette smoking.
interventionsParticipants underwent 2 proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies: patients were imaged at baseline and after 4 weeks of antipsychotic treatment, while controls were imaged at baseline and at 4 weeks after the baseline measurement. Patients were treated with oral risperidone (open label) for 4 weeks with dosages that were titrated on the basis of clinical judgment. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Glutamate levels were estimated using LCModel (version 6.2-1T) and were corrected for the cerebrospinal fluid proportion within the voxel.
resultsPatients with first-episode psychosis had higher levels of glutamate in the associative striatum and the cerebellum during the antipsychotic-naive condition compared with controls. After clinically effective antipsychotic treatment, glutamate levels significantly decreased in the associative striatum, with no significant change in the cerebellum. No differences in glutamate levels were observed between groups at 4 weeks. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Increased glutamate levels observed at baseline in patients with first-episode psychosis normalized after 4 weeks of clinically effective antipsychotic treatment. These results provide support for the hypothesis that improvement in clinical symptoms might be related to a decrease in glutamate levels.
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