ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2013
Leukoaraiosis and increased cerebral susceptibility to ischemia: lack of confounding by carotid disease.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Implications of Cranial Arterial Stenosis and Dolichoectasia for Cerebral Small-Vessel Disease Etiopathogenesis: Findings From a Prospective Mild Stroke Cohort.Circulation · 2026Pooled it
- Association between intracranial and extracranial atherosclerosis and white matter hyperintensities: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Leukoaraiosis Distribution and Cerebral Collaterals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- White matter hyperintensities and their subtypes in patients with carotid artery stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2018Pooled it
- Hemispheric Differences in Leukoaraiosis in Patients with Carotid Artery Stenosis: A Systematic Review.Clinical neuroradiology · 2017Pooled it
- Increased Risk of Post-Thrombolysis Intracranial Hemorrhage in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients with Leukoaraiosis: A Meta-Analysis.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Cerebrospinal Fluid CSF Flow Artifacts are Associated with Brain Pulsation in Patients with Severe Carotid Artery Stenoses.Current neurovascular research · 2022Article
- Carotid revascularization and cognitive impairment: the neglected role of cerebral small vessel disease.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022Review
- Cerebral small vessel disease combined with cerebral collaterals to predict the prognosis of patients with acute large artery atherosclerotic stroke.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Article
- Association between Intracranial Arterial Dolichoectasia and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease and Its Underlying Mechanisms.Journal of stroke · 2020Review
- The Asymmetry of White Matter Hyperintensity Burden Between Hemispheres Is Associated With Intracranial Atherosclerotic Plaque Enhancement Grade.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2020Article
- Small vessel disease in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage: Prevalence and associations with vasospasm occurrence, severity and clinical outcomes.The neuroradiology journal · 2019Article
- White matter hyperintensity burden in patients with ischemic stroke treated with thrombectomy.Neurology · 2019Article
- White Matter Hyperintensity-Associated Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption and Vascular Risk Factors.Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association · 2018Article
- Relation between characteristics of carotid atherosclerotic plaques and brain white matter hyperintensities in asymptomatic patients.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Stroke outcomes are worse with larger leukoaraiosis volumes.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2017Article
- Relationship between leukoaraiosis, carotid intima-media thickness and intima-media thickness variability: Preliminary results.European radiology · 2016Article
- Nocturnal Hypoxemia Is Associated with White Matter Hyperintensities in Patients with a Minor Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2015Article
- Automated segmentation and quantification of white matter hyperintensities in acute ischemic stroke patients with cerebral infarction.PloS one · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLeukoaraiosis is associated with an increased risk of stroke, but the underlying mechanism remains uncertain, as do the associations with other risk factors, such as carotid disease. We aimed to determine the role of carotid disease and of other clinical variables in the development of leukoaraiosis and to define their contributions to the associated increased risk of stroke. METHODS AND
resultsWe prospectively studied a large cohort of consecutive patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) and minor stroke who attended a TIA clinic between 2002 and 2009. Detailed clinical data were obtained, and patients underwent magnetic resonance brain and vascular imaging. We assessed the severity of leukoaraiosis with use of the ARWMC (Age Related White Matter Changes) score: 671 patients (374 [56%] men; mean [SD] age 71 [11] years) were studied, of whom 415 (62%) had leukoaraiosis. In a multivariate analysis, leukoaraiosis was associated with increasing age (P<0.0001) and hypertension (P=0.01), as well as the presence of acute (P<0.0001) and chronic (P=0.014) infarction on magnetic resonance imaging. In the univariate analysis, a current and past diagnosis of stroke versus TIA also showed a strong association. Carotid disease was not associated with leukoaraiosis, even in the presence of a flow-limiting (>70%) stenosis or occlusion, and the risk factor profiles for leukoaraiosis and carotid disease differed.
conclusionsThe association with more severe ischemic events (stroke versus TIA) and infarction on imaging is consistent with leukoaraiosis being a marker of increased cerebral susceptibility to ischemia. In contrast, the presence, severity of, and risk factors for atheromatous disease showed no association with leukoaraiosis, suggesting that these are two unrelated disease processes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.