ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2013
The cellular source and target of IL-21 in K/BxN autoimmune arthritis.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Osteoimmunology: interactions of the bone and immune system.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Role of T cells and cytokines in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Review
- Follicular helper T cells: potential therapeutic targets in rheumatoid arthritis.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2021Review
- T follicular helper cells and T follicular regulatory cells in rheumatic diseases.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2019Review
- Serum interleukin-21 positivity could indicate the current activity of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis: a monocentric prospective study.Clinical rheumatology · 2019Article
- Adenosine 2a Receptor Signal Blockade of Murine Autoimmune Arthritis via Inhibition of Pathogenic Germinal Center-Follicular Helper T Cells.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2019Article
- Precocious Interleukin 21 Expression in Naive Mice Identifies a Natural Helper Cell Population in Autoimmune Disease.Cell reports · 2017Article
- Article
- Interleukin-21 signaling in B cells, but not in T cells, is indispensable for the development of collagen-induced arthritis in mice.Arthritis research & therapy · 2016Article
- Follicular Helper T (Tfh) Cells in Autoimmune Diseases and Allograft Rejection.Immune network · 2016Review
- Brief Report: Arthritis in KRN T Cell Receptor-Transgenic Mice Does Not Require Interleukin-17 or Th17 Cells.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2016Article
- Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Deficiency Inhibits Autoimmune Arthritis in Mice but Fails to Block Immune Complex-Mediated Inflammatory Arthritis.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2016Article
- Gut Microbiota Regulates K/BxN Autoimmune Arthritis through Follicular Helper T but Not Th17 Cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2016Article
- Prednisone treatment inhibits the differentiation of B lymphocytes into plasma cells in MRL/MpSlac-lpr mice.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2015Article
- IL-21 acts as a promising therapeutic target in systemic lupus erythematosus by regulating plasma cell differentiation.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2015Review
- Interleukin-21: a double-edged sword with therapeutic potential.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2014Review
- IDO2 is a critical mediator of autoantibody production and inflammatory pathogenesis in a mouse model of autoimmune arthritis.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2014Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
IL-21 is a pluripotent cytokine that regulates B cell and plasma cell differentiation and is thought be an autocrine factor for follicular helper T cell (T(FH)) and Th17 differentiation. Although IL-21 has been implicated in autoimmune diseases, its relevant cellular source and target cells have not been well characterized. We investigated this issue in the K/BxN mouse model of autoimmune arthritis. Adoptive transfer of KRN-transgenic CD4⁺ T cells into appropriate hosts drives germinal center (GC) formation and autoantibody production against glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, leading to joint inflammation and destruction. By comparing transfer of T or B cells deficient in IL-21 or IL-21R, we were able to dissect the contribution of each cell type. T cells deficient in IL-21 did not induce GC formation or autoantibody production, but they went through normal T(FH) differentiation. However, T cells lacking IL-21R induced Ab titers, GC B cell frequency, and arthritis development similar to wild-type T cells, suggesting that IL-21 is not required for T(FH) differentiation and function. IL-21 acts on B cells, because IL-21R expression on B cells was required to induce disease. In contrast, Th17 cells, a T cell subset that also produces IL-21 and can provide help to B cells, are not required for the GC response and arthritis. These data have implications in developing effective therapies for rheumatoid arthritis and other Ab-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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