ArticleRNA (New York, N.Y.)2013
Annealing to sequences within the primer binding site loop promotes an HIV-1 RNA conformation favoring RNA dimerization and packaging.
Article in RNA (New York, N.Y.), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retroviral PBS-segment sequence and structure: Orchestrating early and late replication events.Retrovirology · 2024Review
- Human Retrovirus Genomic RNA Packaging.Viruses · 2022Review
- Short- and long-range interactions in the HIV-1 5' UTR regulate genome dimerization and packaging.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2022Article
- Selective packaging of HIV-1 RNA genome is guided by the stability of 5' untranslated region polyA stem.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Stability and conformation of the dimeric HIV-1 genomic RNA 5'UTR.Biophysical journal · 2021Article
- Review
- A purine loop and the primer binding site are critical for the selective encapsidation of mouse mammary tumor virus genomic RNA by Pr77Gag.Nucleic acids research · 2021Article
- Structural Insights into RNA Dimerization: Motifs, Interfaces and Functions.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Intrinsic conformational dynamics of the HIV-1 genomic RNA 5'UTR.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Article
- Retroviral Gag protein-RNA interactions: Implications for specific genomic RNA packaging and virion assembly.Seminars in cell & developmental biology · 2019Review
- NMR detection of intermolecular interaction sites in the dimeric 5'-leader of the HIV-1 genome.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- Review
- Exploiting tRNAs to Boost Virulence.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Review
- Article
- In virio SHAPE analysis of tRNA(Lys3) annealing to HIV-1 genomic RNA in wild type and protease-deficient virus.Retrovirology · 2015Article
- Identification of Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus (PERV) packaging sequence and development of PERV packaging viral vector system.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2015Article
- Progress and outlook in structural biology of large viral RNAs.Virus research · 2014Review
- The role of A-kinase anchoring protein 95-like protein in annealing of tRNALys3 to HIV-1 RNA.Retrovirology · 2014Article
- Small-angle X-ray scattering-derived structure of the HIV-1 5' UTR reveals 3D tRNA mimicry.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) of HIV-1 genomic RNA (gRNA) includes structural elements that regulate reverse transcription, transcription, translation, tRNA(Lys3) annealing to the gRNA, and gRNA dimerization and packaging into viruses. It has been reported that gRNA dimerization and packaging are regulated by changes in the conformation of the 5'-UTR RNA. In this study, we show that annealing of tRNA(Lys3) or a DNA oligomer complementary to sequences within the primer binding site (PBS) loop of the 5' UTR enhances its dimerization in vitro. Structural analysis of the 5'-UTR RNA using selective 2'-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension (SHAPE) shows that the annealing promotes a conformational change of the 5' UTR that has been previously reported to favor gRNA dimerization and packaging into virus. The model predicted by SHAPE analysis is supported by antisense experiments designed to test which annealed sequences will promote or inhibit gRNA dimerization. Based on reports showing that the gRNA dimerization favors its incorporation into viruses, we tested the ability of a mutant gRNA unable to anneal to tRNA(Lys3) to be incorporated into virions. We found a ∼60% decrease in mutant gRNA packaging compared with wild-type gRNA. Together, these data further support a model for viral assembly in which the initial annealing of tRNA(Lys3) to gRNA is cytoplasmic, which in turn aids in the promotion of gRNA dimerization and its incorporation into virions.
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