ReviewDepression and anxiety2013
Sex differences in DNA methylation may contribute to risk of PTSD and depression: a review of existing evidence.
Review in Depression and anxiety, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- What do DNA methylation studies tell us about depression? A systematic review.Translational psychiatry · 2019Pooled it
- DNA hypomethylation of theFrontiers in neurology · 2026Article
- Epigenetic markers of disease risk and psychotherapy response in anxiety disorders - a longitudinal analysis of the DNA methylome.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Steroid hormone-mediated epigenetic programming during puberty: uncovering links to depression.Epigenomics · 2025Review
- Epigenetics, Resilience, Protective Factors and Factors Promoting Positive Outcomes: A Scoping Review.International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Interaction between gender and age on the methylation levels of KLF14 promoter.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Advances and Challenges in Depression Marker Research.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2025Review
- Depression, Subjective Health, Obesity, and Multimorbidity are Associated with Epigenetic Age Acceleration.Journal of biomedical and life sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Methyl-CpG binding protein 2 expression is associated with symptom severity in patients with PTSD in a sex-dependent manner.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- Sex Differences in Opioid Response Linked toJournal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Sex differences in the intergenerational link between maternal and neonatal whole blood DNA methylation: a genome-wide analysis in 2 birth cohorts.Clinical epigenetics · 2023Article
- Sex matters: The impact of oxytocin on healthy conditions and psychiatric disorders.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2023Article
- Low levels of Methyl-CpG binding protein 2 are accompanied by an increased vulnerability to the negative outcomes of stress exposure during childhood in healthy women.Translational psychiatry · 2022Article
- Resilience to Stress: Lessons from Rodents about Nature versus Nurture.The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry · 2022Review
- Natural disaster and immunological aging in a nonhuman primate.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- A narrative review of the epigenetics of post-traumatic stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder treatment.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Review
- Epigenetic Mechanism of 5-HT/NE/DA Triple Reuptake Inhibitor on Adult Depression Susceptibility in Early Stress Mice.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Sex-Related Predisposition to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Development-The Role of Neuropeptides.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- DNA methylation and exposure to violence among African American young adult males.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
There are well-established sex differences in the prevalence of certain mental disorders. Work in animal models has provided us with an emerging understanding of the role that epigenetic factors play in establishing sex differences in the brain during development. Similarly, work in animal models, and a more limited but growing literature based on human studies, has demonstrated that DNA methylation (DNAm) changes occur in response to environmental stress, with some of these occurring in a sex-specific manner. In this review, we explore whether DNAm plays a role in contributing to the observed sex differences in prevalence of mental disorders in which stress contributes significantly to their etiologies, specifically posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. We propose that investigating sex differences in DNAm among genes known to influence brain development may help to shed light on the sexually dimorphic risk for, or resilience to, developing PTSD and depression.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.