ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2013
Improving the lethal effect of cpl-7, a pneumococcal phage lysozyme with broad bactericidal activity, by inverting the net charge of its cell wall-binding module.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 66 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inhalable bacteriophage endolysins: a novel therapeutic strategy for drug-resistant bacterial pulmonary infections - a comprehensive review.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Designing the Next Generation of Endolysins: A Triple Strategy Integrating Bioinformatics Mining, Engineering Modification and Encapsulation Formulation.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- High-resolution phage-host assignment through key proteins using large language models.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Enhancing stability and safety of chimeric peptidoglycan hydrolases by linker engineering.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Bacterial meningitis in adults: therapeutic challenges in the era of antibiotic resistance and the potential of bacteriophages and associated by products.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Bacteriophage-derived endolysins restore antibiotic susceptibility in β-lactam- and macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae infections.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- New Perspectives in the Fight Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: The Potential of Endolysin Biocomposites.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Unique Capability of Endolysin to Tackle Antibiotic Resistance: Cracking the Barrier.Journal of xenobiotics · 2025Review
- Characterization of LysBM1, a novel high-penetrating phage lysin targeting enterohemorrhagicFrontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Endolysins: targetingFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Research Progress on Strategies for Improving the Enzyme Properties of Bacteriophage Endolysins.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Engineering of chimeric enzymes with expanded tolerance to ionic strength.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Bacteriophage-derived endolysins as innovative antimicrobials against bovine mastitis-causing streptococci and staphylococci: a state-of-the-art review.Acta veterinaria Scandinavica · 2024Review
- Engineering strategies and challenges of endolysin as an antibacterial agent against Gram-negative bacteria.Microbial biotechnology · 2024Review
- Antibacterial synergy between a phage endolysin and citric acid against the Gram-negative kiwifruit pathogenApplied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Review
- Design, Screening, and Characterization of Engineered Phage Endolysins with Extracellular Antibacterial Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2023Article
- Therapeutic potential of bacteriophage endolysins for infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria.Journal of biomedical science · 2023Review
- Bactericidal synergism between phage endolysin Ply2660 and cathelicidin LL-37 against vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis biofilms.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2023Article
- A Novel Strategy to Identify Endolysins with Lytic Activity against Methicillin-ResistantInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedde Paz, Héctor [corrected to de Paz, Héctor D]
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Phage endolysins are murein hydrolases that break the bacterial cell wall to provoke lysis and release of phage progeny. Recently, these enzymes have also been recognized as powerful and specific antibacterial agents when added exogenously. In the pneumococcal system, most cell wall associated murein hydrolases reported so far depend on choline for activity, and Cpl-7 lysozyme constitutes a remarkable exception. Here, we report the improvement of the killing activity of the Cpl-7 endolysin by inversion of the sign of the charge of the cell wall-binding module (from -14.93 to +3.0 at neutral pH). The engineered variant, Cpl-7S, has 15 amino acid substitutions and an improved lytic activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae (including multiresistant strains), Streptococcus pyogenes, and other pathogens. Moreover, we have demonstrated that a single 25-μg dose of Cpl-7S significantly increased the survival rate of zebrafish embryos infected with S. pneumoniae or S. pyogenes, confirming the killing effect of Cpl-7S in vivo. Interestingly, Cpl-7S, in combination with 0.01% carvacrol (an essential oil), was also found to efficiently kill Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas putida, an effect not described previously. Our findings provide a strategy to improve the lytic activity of phage endolysins based on facilitating their pass through the negatively charged bacterial envelope, and thereby their interaction with the cell wall target, by modulating the net charge of the cell wall-binding modules.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.