Observational studyInfluenza and other respiratory viruses2014
Evaluation of yield of currently available diagnostics by sample type to optimize detection of respiratory pathogens in patients with a community-acquired pneumonia.
Observational study in Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Laboratory methods for case finding in human psittacosis outbreaks: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Pooled it
- ERS/ESCMID state-of-the-science statement on the role of rapid diagnostic tests for the diagnosis and management of community-acquired lower respiratory tract infections.The European respiratory journal · 2026Review
- Article
- A decision tree for predicting the causative pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia from thin-section computed tomography.Japanese journal of radiology · 2025Article
- Metagenomic next-generation sequencing identified psittacosis among poultry processing workers in Shandong Province, China.Infectious medicine · 2022Article
- Identified micro-organisms in hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia patients living near goat and poultry farms.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2021Article
- Observational
- Comparing the yield of oropharyngeal swabs and sputum for detection of 11 common pathogens in hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract infection.Virology journal · 2019Article
- A Haemophilus sp. dominates the microbiota of sputum from UK adults with non-severe community acquired pneumonia and chronic lung disease.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- South African guideline for the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults.Journal of thoracic disease · 2017Review
- Prevalence of Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Infections in the United States Predominated byOpen forum infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Comparison of Luminex xTAG® RVP fast assay and real time RT-PCR for the detection of respiratory viruses in adults with community-acquired pneumonia.Journal of medical virology · 2016Article
- Clinical Application of High-Resolution Computed Tomographic Imaging Features of Community-Acquired Pneumonia.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2016Article
- Development of two real-time multiplex PCR assays for the detection and quantification of eight key bacterial pathogens in lower respiratory tract infections.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2015Article
- Significant roadblocks exist in developing sputum sample libraries for clinical validation of novel in vitro diagnostics.Drug design, development and therapy · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFor the detection of respiratory pathogens, the sampling strategy may influence the diagnostic yield. Ideally, samples from the lower respiratory tract are collected, but they are difficult to obtain.
objectivesIn this study, we compared the diagnostic yield in sputum and oropharyngeal samples (OPS) for the detection of respiratory pathogens in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), with the objective to optimize our diagnostic testing algorithm.
methodsMatched sputum samples, OPS, blood cultures, serum, and urine samples were taken from patients (>18 years) with CAP and tested for the presence of possible respiratory pathogens using bacterial cultures, PCR for 17 viruses and five bacteria and urinary antigen testing.
resultsWhen using only conventional methods, that is, blood cultures, sputum culture, urinary antigen tests, a pathogen was detected in 49·6% of patients (n = 57). Adding molecular detection assays increased the yield to 80%. A pathogen was detected in 77 of the 115 patients in OPS or sputum samples by PCR. The sensitivity of the OPS was lower than that of the sputum samples (57% versus 74%). In particular, bacterial pathogens were more often detected in sputum samples. The sensitivity of OPS for the detection of most viruses was higher than in sputum samples (72% versus 66%), except for human rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus.
conclusionAddition of PCR on both OPS and sputum samples significantly increased the diagnostic yield. For molecular detection of bacterial pathogens, a sputum sample is imperative, but for detection of most viral pathogens, an OPS is sufficient.
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