Trial reportNeuro-oncology2013
Memantine for the prevention of cognitive dysfunction in patients receiving whole-brain radiotherapy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Trial report in Neuro-oncology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 448 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Phase I TITE-CREM Dose Escalation Study of Fractionated Stereotactic Radiation Therapy (FSRT) in Unresected Brain Metastases
UCSD Image-Guided Cognitive-Sparing Radiosurgery for Brain Metastases: Avoidance of Eloquent White Matter and Hippocampal Regions
Integration of Neurocognitive Biomarkers Into a Neuro-Oncology Clinic
Memantine to Preserve Memory and Neurocognition Following Craniospinal Irradiation- A Randomised Controlled Trial (MEMENTO)
Systemic Biomarkers to Predict Radiation-Induced Neurocognitive Decline in Pediatric and Young Adults With Primary Brain Tumors (BIO-RIN)
Who cites it
448 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 926 citations in OpenAlex.
- Brain metastases in triple-negative breast cancer: a systematic review of current trends, treatment strategies, and outcomes.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Neurocognitive outcomes in patients with brain metastases: a systematic review.The Lancet. Oncology · 2025Pooled it
- [Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Brain Metastases from Non-small Cell Lung Cancer with Actionable Gene Alterations in China (2025 Edition)].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2025Guideline
- Efficacy and safety evaluation of combined therapies incorporating whole-brain radiotherapy in patients with brain metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2024Pooled it
- DEGRO guideline for personalized radiotherapy of brain metastases and leptomeningeal carcinomatosis in patients with breast cancer.Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Rontgengesellschaft ... [et al] · 2024Guideline
- A systematic review of cognitive interventions for adult patients with brain tumours.Cancer medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Systematic review of the management of brain metastases from hormone receptor positive breast cancer.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Interventions for preventing and ameliorating cognitive deficits in adults treated with cranial irradiation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Brain metastases: A Society for Neuro-Oncology (SNO) consensus review on current management and future directions.Neuro-oncology · 2022Guideline
- Effects of chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia on cognitive function in animal models of contemporary protocols: A systematic literature review.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Memantine for Prevention of Cognitive Late Effects in Children and Adolescents Receiving Radiation Therapy for Brain Tumors: A Randomized, Controlled, Pilot Trial.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Memantine to preserve memory and neurocognition following craniospinal irradiation (MEMENTO): a phase 3 randomized controlled trial.BMC cancer · 2026Trial
- Hippocampal Avoidance During Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation for Patients With Small Cell Lung Cancer: Randomized Phase II/III Trial NRG-CC003.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2025Trial
- Proton Craniospinal Irradiation for Patients With Leptomeningeal Metastasis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA oncology · 2025Trial
- Phase III Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of Donepezil for Treatment of Cognitive Impairment in Breast Cancer Survivors After Adjuvant Chemotherapy (WF-97116).Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2024Trial
- Sustained Preservation of Cognition and Prevention of Patient-Reported Symptoms With Hippocampal Avoidance During Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy for Brain Metastases: Final Results of NRG Oncology CC001.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Hippocampal avoidance prophylactic cranial irradiation (HA-PCI) for small cell lung cancer reduces hippocampal atrophy compared to conventional PCI.Neuro-oncology · 2023Trial
388 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 13 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTo determine the protective effects of memantine on cognitive function in patients receiving whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT).
methodsAdult patients with brain metastases received WBRT and were randomized to receive placebo or memantine (20 mg/d), within 3 days of initiating radiotherapy for 24 weeks. Serial standardized tests of cognitive function were performed.
resultsOf 554 patients who were accrued, 508 were eligible. Grade 3 or 4 toxicities and study compliance were similar in the 2 arms. There was less decline in delayed recall in the memantine arm at 24 weeks (P = .059), but the difference was not statistically significant, possibly because there were only 149 analyzable patients at 24 weeks, resulting in only 35% statistical power. The memantine arm had significantly longer time to cognitive decline (hazard ratio 0.78, 95% confidence interval 0.62-0.99, P = .01); the probability of cognitive function failure at 24 weeks was 53.8% in the memantine arm and 64.9% in the placebo arm. Superior results were seen in the memantine arm for executive function at 8 (P = .008) and 16 weeks (P = .0041) and for processing speed (P = .0137) and delayed recognition (P = .0149) at 24 weeks.
conclusionsMemantine was well tolerated and had a toxicity profile very similar to placebo. Although there was less decline in the primary endpoint of delayed recall at 24 weeks, this lacked statistical significance possibly due to significant patient loss. Overall, patients treated with memantine had better cognitive function over time; specifically, memantine delayed time to cognitive decline and reduced the rate of decline in memory, executive function, and processing speed in patients receiving WBRT. RTOG 0614, ClinicalTrials.gov number CT00566852.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.