ArticleAnalytical and bioanalytical chemistry2013
Oral fluid cannabinoid concentrations following controlled smoked cannabis in chronic frequent and occasional smokers.
Article in Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol detection times using mass spectroscopy in oral fluid: a systematic review using a 5 ng/mL cut-off value.International journal of legal medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Oral fluid cannabinoids in chronic frequent cannabis smokers during ad libitum cannabis smoking.Drug testing and analysis · 2015Trial
- Pre-employment urine drug screening: examining trends in THC-COOH positivity rates post-legalization of recreational cannabis in California - a retrospective review.Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Quantitative analysis of cannabinoids and metabolites in oral fluid by volumetric absorptive microsampling combined with UHPLC-HRMS.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2025Article
- Article
- "A glimmer of hope" - Perceptions, barriers, and drivers for medicinal cannabis use amongst Australian and New Zealand people with endometriosis.Reproduction & fertility · 2023Article
- Photochemical Fingerprinting Is a Sensitive Probe for the Detection of Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists; toward Robust Point-of-Care Detection.Analytical chemistry · 2023Article
- Affinity Assays for Cannabinoids Detection: Are They Amenable to On-Site Screening?Biosensors · 2022Review
- A GPCR-based yeast biosensor for biomedical, biotechnological, and point-of-use cannabinoid determination.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Bridging Disciplines: Applications of Forensic Science and Industrial Hemp.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- A rapid assay provides on-site quantification of tetrahydrocannabinol in oral fluid.Science translational medicine · 2021Article
- Measuring Within-Individual Cannabis Reduction in Clinical Trials: A Review of the Methodological Challenges.Current addiction reports · 2019Article
- Determination of Cannabinoid Vapor Pressures to Aid in Vapor Phase Detection of Intoxication.Forensic chemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2017Article
- Cannabinoid disposition in oral fluid after controlled smoked, vaporized, and oral cannabis administration.Drug testing and analysis · 2017Article
- Long-term stability of cannabinoids in oral fluid after controlled cannabis administration.Drug testing and analysis · 2017Article
- Nonsmoker Exposure to Secondhand Cannabis Smoke. III. Oral Fluid and Blood Drug Concentrations and Corresponding Subjective Effects.Journal of analytical toxicology · 2015Article
- Impact of oral fluid collection device on cannabinoid stability following smoked cannabis.Drug testing and analysis · 2015Article
- Cannabinoids in oral fluid by on-site immunoassay and by GC-MS using two different oral fluid collection devices.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Oral fluid (OF) is an alternative biological matrix for monitoring cannabis intake in drug testing, and drugged driving (DUID) programs, but OF cannabinoid test interpretation is challenging. Controlled cannabinoid administration studies provide a scientific database for interpreting cannabinoid OF tests. We compared differences in OF cannabinoid concentrations from 19 h before to 30 h after smoking a 6.8% THC cigarette in chronic frequent and occasional cannabis smokers. OF was collected with the Statsure Saliva Sampler™ OF device. 2D-GC-MS was used to quantify cannabinoids in 357 OF specimens; 65 had inadequate OF volume within 3 h after smoking. All OF specimens were THC-positive for up to 13.5 h after smoking, without significant differences between frequent and occasional smokers over 30 h. Cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabinol (CBN) had short median last detection times (2.5-4 h for CBD and 6-8 h for CBN) in both groups. THCCOOH was detected in 25 and 212 occasional and frequent smokers' OF samples, respectively. THCCOOH provided longer detection windows than THC in all frequent smokers. As THCCOOH is not present in cannabis smoke, its presence in OF minimizes the potential for false positive results from passive environmental smoke exposure, and can identify oral THC ingestion, while OF THC cannot. THC ≥ 1 μg/L, in addition to CBD ≥ 1 μg/L or CBN ≥ 1 μg/L suggested recent cannabis intake (≤13.5 h), important for DUID cases, whereas THC ≥ 1 μg/L or THC ≥ 2 μg/L cutoffs had longer detection windows (≥30 h), important for workplace testing. THCCOOH windows of detection for chronic, frequent cannabis smokers extended beyond 30 h, while they were shorter (0-24 h) for occasional cannabis smokers.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.