Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23954156›Full record

ArticleCell host & microbe2013

Salmonella require the fatty acid regulator PPARδ for the establishment of a metabolic environment essential for long-term persistence.

Nicholas A Eisele, Thomas Ruby, Amanda Jacobson, Paolo S Manzanillo, Jeffery S Cox, Lilian Lam, Lata Mukundan, Ajay Chawla, Denise M Monack

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell host & microbe, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 137 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
137citing papers in PubMed
7.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

137 citing papers in PubMed, 218 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  6. Microorganisms · 2026
    Review
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  8. bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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  16. Loss of NR2F6 Protects from Salmonella Typhimurium Infection.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Antibiotic-recalcitrant Salmonella during infection.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2025
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

77 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Nicholas A Eisele *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Thomas Ruby *Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Amanda JacobsonDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Paolo S ManzanilloDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Program in Microbial Pathogenesis and Host Defense. University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Jeffery S CoxDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Program in Microbial Pathogenesis and Host Defense. University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Lilian LamDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Lata MukundanCardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Ajay ChawlaCardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Denise M MonackDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Stanford University · USUniversity of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

Supplement to Enhance Wellness and Resiliency in the Graduate EnvironmentT32GM007276 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI MORRISON, ASHBY J. · 1985 to 2023
$32.9M
MOLECULAR &CELLULAR IMMUNOBIOLOGYT32AI007290 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Sean Curtis Bendall, Olivia M Martinez · 1985 to 2026
$27.0M
MOLECULAR BASIS OF HOST-PARASITE INTERACTIONT32AI007328 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI JUSTIN L SONNENBURG · 1987 to 2026
$11.9M
Transcriptional Control of Macrophage in AtherogenesisR01HL076746 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CHAWLA, AJAY · 2004 to 2014
$3.0M
Nuclear receptor mechanisms controlling macrophage function in health and diseaseR01DK081405 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CHAWLA, AJAY · 2009 to 2013
$1.8M
Innate Immune Recognition of Intracellular SalmonellaR01AI089722 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI MONACK, DENISE M · 2011 to 2014
$1.6M
Immune Triggers of Tissue RegenerationDP1AR064158 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI CHAWLA, AJAY · 2012 to 2013
$1.5M
NHLBI NIH HHS HL076746NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL076746NIAID NIH HHS AI08972NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI089722NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007290NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007328NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI07290-28.NIAMS NIH HHS DP1 AR064158NIAMS NIH HHS DP1AR064158NIDDK NIH HHS DK081405NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK081405NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007276
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Host-adapted Salmonella strains are responsible for a number of disease manifestations in mammals, including an asymptomatic chronic infection in which bacteria survive within macrophages located in systemic sites. However, the host cell physiology and metabolic requirements supporting bacterial persistence are poorly understood. In a mouse model of long-term infection, we found that S. typhimurium preferentially associates with anti-inflammatory/M2 macrophages at later stages of infection. Further, PPARδ, a eukaryotic transcription factor involved in sustaining fatty acid metabolism, is upregulated in Salmonella-infected macrophages. PPARδ deficiency dramatically inhibits Salmonella replication, which is linked to the metabolic state of macrophages and the level of intracellular glucose available to bacteria. Pharmacological activation of PPARδ increases glucose availability and enhances bacterial replication in macrophages and mice, while Salmonella fail to persist in Pparδ null mice. These data suggest that M2 macrophages represent a unique niche for long-term intracellular bacterial survival and link the PPARδ-regulated metabolic state of the host cell to persistent bacterial infection.

Indexed as

Host-Pathogen InteractionsAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalGlucoseMacrophagesMiceMicrobial ViabilityPPAR deltaSalmonella Infections, AnimalSalmonella typhimuriumGlucosePPAR delta

Identifiers

PMID23954156
PMCPMC3785333
OpenAlexW1992149604

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.