Trial reportPloS one2013
Real-time strategy game training: emergence of a cognitive flexibility trait.
Trial report in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effects of nutritional interventions on competitive performance and dose‒response relationships among esports players of different skill levels: a systematic review and three-level meta-analysis.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of Acute and Chronic Physical Exercise on Esports Performance: A Systematic Review.Sports medicine - open · 2026Pooled it
- A game-factors approach to cognitive benefits from video-game training: A meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- Physical Exercise and Spatial Training: A Longitudinal Study of Effects on Cognition, Growth Factors, and Hippocampal Plasticity.Scientific reports · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Video game practice is associated with enhanced value-guided exploitation under probabilistic uncertainty.Psychological research · 2026Article
- Health Benefits of Video Games in Adolescents and Young Adults.Current pediatrics reports · 2026Review
- Article
- Prêt-à-Jouer: commercial videogames as ready-made human perception labs.Frontiers in cognition · 2026Article
- Structurally constrained functional connectivity reveals efficient visuomotor decision-making mechanisms in action video gamers.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Habitual video gaming predicts multitasking performance while the role of cognitive capacity remains inconclusive.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Thinking Outside the Nation: Cognitive Flexibility's Role in National Identity Inclusiveness as a Marker of Majority Group Acculturation.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Short-term exposure to aggressive card game: releasing emotion without escalating post-game aggression.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- From controllers to cognition: the importance of selection factors on video game and gameplay mechanic-derived cognitive differences.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2024Article
- Ten-Minute Physical Activity Breaks Improve Attention and Executive Functions in Healthcare Workers.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2024Article
- Gaming expertise induces meso‑scale brain plasticity and efficiency mechanisms as revealed by whole-brain modeling.NeuroImage · 2024Article
- Cognitive and gray matter volume predictors of learning across two types of casual video games in older Adults: Action vs Strategy.Aging brain · 2024Article
- Gaming expertise induces meso-scale brain plasticity and efficiency mechanisms as revealed by whole-brain modeling Gaming expertise, neuroplasticity and functional dynamics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Training in action video games can increase the speed of perceptual processing. However, it is unknown whether video-game training can lead to broad-based changes in higher-level competencies such as cognitive flexibility, a core and neurally distributed component of cognition. To determine whether video gaming can enhance cognitive flexibility and, if so, why these changes occur, the current study compares two versions of a real-time strategy (RTS) game. Using a meta-analytic Bayes factor approach, we found that the gaming condition that emphasized maintenance and rapid switching between multiple information and action sources led to a large increase in cognitive flexibility as measured by a wide array of non-video gaming tasks. Theoretically, the results suggest that the distributed brain networks supporting cognitive flexibility can be tuned by engrossing video game experience that stresses maintenance and rapid manipulation of multiple information sources. Practically, these results suggest avenues for increasing cognitive function.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.