ArticlePloS one2013
The contribution of emotional partners to sexual risk taking and violence among female sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya: a cohort study.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk behaviours among female sex workers in China: a systematic review and data synthesis.PloS one · 2015Pooled it
- Trial
- Reducing violence and increasing condom use in the intimate partnerships of female sex workers: study protocol for Samvedana Plus, a cluster randomised controlled trial in Karnataka state, south India.BMC public health · 2016Trial
- Condomless sexual encounters among female sex workers included in a longitudinal coital diary study in Zimbabwe.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Factors Associated with Usage of Oral-PrEP among Female Sex Workers in Nairobi, Kenya, Assessed by Self-Report and a Point-of-Care Urine Tenofovir Immunoassay.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Exploratory analysis of the potential impact of violence on HIV among female sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya: a mathematical modelling study.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Relationships Between Stigma and Intimate Partner Violence Among Female Sex Workers Living With HIV: Social and Economic Exclusion.Violence against women · 2023Article
- Using social practice theory in measuring perceived stigma among female sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya.BMC public health · 2023Article
- HIV prevalence and risk behaviors among female sex workers in Togo in 2017: a cross-sectional national study.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2022Article
- Article
- Derivation of an HIV Risk Score for African Women Who Engage in Sex Work.AIDS and behavior · 2021Article
- Intimate partner and client-perpetrated violence are associated with reduced HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake, depression and generalized anxiety in a cross-sectional study of female sex workers from Nairobi, Kenya.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2021Article
- Unmet contraceptive needs among female sex workers (FSWs) in semi urban Blantyre, Malawi.Reproductive health · 2021Article
- Actions taken by female sex workers (FSWs) after condom failure in semi urban Blantyre, Malawi.BMC women's health · 2020Article
- "I did not plan to have a baby. This is the outcome of our work": a qualitative study exploring unintended pregnancy among female sex workers.BMC women's health · 2020Article
- Sexual and reproductive health correlates of polysubstance use among female adolescents who sell sex in the southwest of China.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2020Article
- Pathways from Police, Intimate Partner, and Client Violence to Condom Use Outcomes among Sex Workers in Jamaica.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2020Article
- Unmet Need for Family Planning and Experience of Unintended Pregnancy Among Female Sex Workers in Urban Cameroon: Results From a National Cross-Sectional Study.Global health, science and practice · 2020Article
- Article
- Contraceptive use, prevalence and predictors of pregnancy planning among female sex workers in Uganda: a cross sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo assess sexual risk-taking of female sex workers (FSWs) with emotional partners (boyfriends and husbands), compared to regular and casual clients. Experiences of violence and the degree of relationship control that FSWs have with emotional partners are also described.
designCohort study with quarterly follow-up visit over 12-months.
methodsFour hundred HIV-uninfected FSWs older than 16 years were recruited from their homes and guesthouses in Mombasa, Kenya. A structured questionnaire assessed participant characteristics and study outcomes at each visit, and women received risk-reduction counselling, male and female condoms, and HIV testing.
resultsFour or more unprotected sex acts in the past week were reported by 21.3% of women during sex with emotional partners, compared to 5.8% with regular and 4.8% with casual clients (P<0.001). Total number of unprotected sex acts per week was 5-6-fold higher with emotional partners (603 acts with 259 partners) than with regular or casual clients (125 acts with 456, and 98 acts with 632 clients, respectively; P<0.001). Mostly, perceptions of "trust" underscored unprotected sex with emotional partners. Low control over these relationships, common to many women (36.9%), was linked with higher partner numbers, inconsistent condom use, and being physically forced to have sex by their emotional partners. Half experienced sexual or physical violence in the past year, similarly associated with partner numbers and inconsistent condom use.
conclusionsHigh-risk sexual behaviour, low control and frequent violence in relationships with emotional partners heighten FSWs' vulnerability and high HIV risk, requiring targeted interventions that also encompass emotional partners.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.