ArticleBiomaterials2013
Opposing influence of intracellular and membrane thiols on the toxicity of reducible polycations.
Article in Biomaterials, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi-targeted pyrazole scaffolds: synthesis, mechanistic insights, and therapeutic potential in anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory applications.The Libyan journal of medicine · 2026Article
- Stimulus-Responsive Polymeric Carriers for Gene Delivery: Balancing Endosomal Escape with Nucleic Acid Release.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Review
- Furan-rich, biobased transfection agents as potential oligomeric candidates for intracellular plasmid DNA delivery.RSC advances · 2024Article
- Biodegradable Polymers for Gene-Delivery Applications.International journal of nanomedicine · 2020Review
- Conjugate Polyplexes with Anti-Invasive Properties and Improved siRNA Delivery In Vivo.Bioconjugate chemistry · 2018Article
- Non-viral gene delivery systems for tissue repair and regeneration.Journal of translational medicine · 2018Review
- Advances in Stimulus-Responsive Polymeric Materials for Systemic Delivery of Nucleic Acids.Advanced healthcare materials · 2018Review
- Polyplex-mediated inhibition of chemokine receptor CXCR4 and chromatin-remodeling enzyme NCOA3 impedes pancreatic cancer progression and metastasis.Biomaterials · 2016Article
- Balancing polymer hydrophobicity for ligand presentation and siRNA delivery in dual function CXCR4 inhibiting polyplexes.Biomaterials science · 2015Article
- Self-immolative polycations as gene delivery vectors and prodrugs targeting polyamine metabolism in cancer.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2015Article
- Bioreducible polycations in nucleic acid delivery: past, present, and future trends.Macromolecular bioscience · 2014Review
- Effect of biodegradability on CXCR4 antagonism, transfection efficacy and antimetastatic activity of polymeric Plerixafor.Biomaterials · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Toxicity of polycations has been recognized since their first use in gene delivery. Bioreducible polycations attract attention because of their improved safety due to selective intracellular degradation by glutathione (GSH). Here we present a systematic study of the toxicity of bioreducible poly(amido amine)s (PAA). PAA with increasing content of disulfide bonds were synthesized by Michael addition. Toxicity of PAA was evaluated in two cell lines with different innate levels of intracellular GSH. Increasing the content of disulfide bonds decreased the toxicity of PAA, with more significant decrease observed in cells with high GSH. Depleting intracellular GSH by diethyl maleate resulted in increased toxicity of bioreducible PAA. In contrast, increasing the GSH concentrations by growing cells in hypoxic conditions resulted in further decreased toxicity compared with cells grown in normoxic conditions. The presence of exofacial plasma membrane thiols selectively increased toxicity of bioreducible PAA while having no effect on non-degradable controls. These results improve our understanding of the cellular mechanisms of polycation toxicity. They also shed light on the opposing effects of different cellular thiol pools on the toxicity of bioreducible polycations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.