ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2014
Intergenerational transfer of smoking across three generations and forty-five years.
Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transgenerational consequences of grandparents' smoking on grandchildren's development: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- Tobacco Smoking in Early Adulthood and Labor Market Performance: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Patterns of tobacco use and related factors among adolescents in South Africa: Insight from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Article
- Home environment and cigarette quitting behaviors among rural Black/African American women caregivers.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2025Article
- Structural racism, air pollution and the association with adverse birth outcomes in the United States: the value of examining intergenerational associations.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2023Review
- Gender Differences in Smoking Initiation and Cessation Associated with the Intergenerational Transfer of Smoking across Three Generations: The Nagahama Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Exposure to drugs of abuse induce effects that persist across generations.International review of neurobiology · 2021Article
- Intergenerational Transfer of Tobacco Use Behaviour from Parent to Child: A Case Control Study.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2019Article
- Differences in Prenatal Tobacco Exposure Patterns among 13 Race/Ethnic Groups in California.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- A systematic review of the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions among patients with tuberculosis.Public health action · 2018Review
- Visibility of smoking among school-teachers in Spain and associations with student smoking: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2018Article
- The Role of Maternal Adverse Childhood Experiences and Race in Intergenerational High-Risk Smoking Behaviors.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2017Article
- Transmission of Smoking across Three Generations in Finland.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2015Article
- Intergenerational Patterns of Smoking and Nicotine Dependence Among US Adolescents.American journal of public health · 2015Article
- The Intergenerational Transmission of Smoking Across Three Cohabitant Generations: A Count Data Approach.Journal of community health · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesAlthough many have examined the linkages between smoking behaviors across 2 generations, few have examined these linkages among 3 generations.
methodsU.S. population representative data for 3 generations are drawn from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) in order to examine whether smoking behaviors are passed down from generation to generation and the magnitude of the influence of smoking behaviors across generations (N = 830).
resultsResults indicate direct linkages between both grandparent (G1) and parent (G2) smoking (OR = 4.53; 95% CI = 2.57-7.97) and parent (G2) and young adult offspring (G3) smoking (OR = 2.91; 95% CI = 1.60-5.31). Although the direct link between grandparent (G1) and grandchildren (G3) was not significant (OR = 2.25; 95% CI = 0.96-5.23, p < .10), mediation analyses reveal that the link between G3 and G1 smoking is significantly mediated by G2 smoking.
conclusionsRegardless of generation, parent smoking behavior has a direct influence on offspring smoking behavior. The link between grandparent (G1) and grandchild (G3) smoking is mediated by parent (G2) smoking, suggesting that smoking behavior is passed from one generation to the next generation and in turn to the next generation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.