ReviewCellular microbiology2013
Antigenic variation and transmission fitness as drivers of bacterial strain structure.
Review in Cellular microbiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Molecular detection and characterization of Anaplasma marginale in cattle from the Lower Shabelle Region of Somalia.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and genotyping of Anaplasma marginale and co-infection with piroplasms and other Anaplasmataceae in cattle and buffaloes from Egypt.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- The model squid-vibrio symbiosis provides a window into the impact of strain- and species-level differences during the initial stages of symbiont engagement.Environmental microbiology · 2018Article
- Structural Basis for Recombinatorial Permissiveness in the Generation of Anaplasma marginale Msp2 Antigenic Variants.Infection and immunity · 2016Article
- Molecular diagnosis and genetic diversity of tick-borne Anaplasmataceae agents infecting the African buffalo Syncerus caffer from Marromeu Reserve in Mozambique.Parasites & vectors · 2016Article
- Antigenic Variation in Bacterial Pathogens.Microbiology spectrum · 2016Article
- Primary Structural Variation in Anaplasma marginale Msp2 Efficiently Generates Immune Escape Variants.Infection and immunity · 2015Article
- Association of Anaplasma marginale strain superinfection with infection prevalence within tropical regions.PloS one · 2015Article
- Anaplasma marginale superinfection attributable to pathogen strains with distinct genomic backgrounds.Infection and immunity · 2014Article
- Knockout of an outer membrane protein operon of Anaplasma marginale by transposon mutagenesis.BMC genomics · 2014Article
- Role of the double-strand break repair pathway in the maintenance of genomic stability.Molecular & cellular oncologyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Shifts in microbial strain structure underlie both emergence of new pathogens and shifts in patterns of infection and disease of known agents. Understanding the selective pressures at a population level as well as the mechanisms at the molecular level represent significant gaps in our knowledge regarding microbial epidemiology. Highly antigenically variant pathogens, which are broadly represented among microbial taxa, are most commonly viewed through the mechanistic lens of how they evade immune clearance within the host. However, equally important are mechanisms that allow pathogens to evade immunity at the population level. The selective pressure of immunity at both the level of the individual host and the population is a driver of diversification within a pathogen strain. Using Anaplasma marginale as a model highly antigenically variable bacterial pathogen, we review how immunity selects for genetic diversification in alleles encoding outer membrane proteins both within and among strains. Importantly, genomic comparisons among strains isolated from diverse epidemiological settings elucidates the counterbalancing pressures for diversification and conservation, driven by immune escape and transmission fitness, respectively, and how these shape pathogen strain structure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.