ArticlePloS one2013
Longitudinal nasopharyngeal carriage and antibiotic resistance of respiratory bacteria in indigenous Australian and Alaska native children with bronchiectasis.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Meta-analysis of the adverse effects of long-term azithromycin use in patients with chronic lung diseases.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2014Pooled it
- Weekly azithromycin for 48 weeks impacts nasopharyngeal microbial prevalence and Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes in children with HIV-associated chronic lung disease.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Nasopharyngeal carriage and macrolide resistance in Indigenous children with bronchiectasis randomized to long-term azithromycin or placebo.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2015Trial
- Impact of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy with azithromycin-containing regimens on maternal nasopharyngeal carriage and antibiotic sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Staphylococcus aureus: a cross-sectional survey at delivery.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2015Trial
- A Pilot Study Evaluating the Impact of an Algorithm-Driven Protocol on Guideline-Concordant Antibiotic Prescribing in a Rural Primary Care Setting.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Can non-typeablePediatric investigation · 2023Article
- Effects of nasopharyngeal microbiota in respiratory infections and allergies.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2021Article
- Antimicrobial stewardship in rural and remote primary health care: a narrative review.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2021Review
- Study Protocol for Preventing Early-Onset Pneumonia in Young Children Through Maternal Immunisation: A Multi-Centre Randomised Controlled Trial (PneuMatters).Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Article
- Defining lower airway bacterial infection in children with chronic endobronchial disorders.Pediatric pulmonology · 2018Article
- The clinical, immunological and microbiological impact of the 10-valent pneumococcal-Protein D conjugate vaccine in children with recurrent protracted bacterial bronchitis, chronic suppurative lung disease and bronchiectasis: A multi-centre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2018Article
- Deciphering the distance to antibiotic resistance for the pneumococcus using genome sequencing data.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Chronic Suppurative Lung Disease in Children: Definition and Spectrum of Disease.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2017Review
- The Likelihood of Preventing Respiratory Exacerbations in Children and Adolescents with either Chronic Suppurative Lung Disease or Bronchiectasis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2017Review
- Nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae among children in an urban setting in Brazil prior to PCV10 introduction.Vaccine · 2016Article
- Macrolide resistance in pneumococci-is it relevant?Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2016Article
- Impact of the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine and Antibiotic Use on Nasopharyngeal Colonization by Antibiotic Nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae, Alaska, 2000[FIGURE DASH]2010.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2015Article
- Prescribing azithromycin.Australian prescriber · 2015Review
- Relationship between azithromycin susceptibility and administration efficacy for nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae respiratory infection.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2015Article
- Three-weekly doses of azithromycin for indigenous infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis: a multicentre, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIndigenous children in Australia and Alaska have very high rates of chronic suppurative lung disease (CSLD)/bronchiectasis. Antibiotics, including frequent or long-term azithromycin in Australia and short-term beta-lactam therapy in both countries, are often prescribed to treat these patients. In the Bronchiectasis Observational Study we examined over several years the nasopharyngeal carriage and antibiotic resistance of respiratory bacteria in these two PCV7-vaccinated populations.
methodsIndigenous children aged 0.5-8.9 years with CSLD/bronchiectasis from remote Australia (n = 79) and Alaska (n = 41) were enrolled in a prospective cohort study during 2004-8. At scheduled study visits until 2010 antibiotic use in the preceding 2-weeks was recorded and nasopharyngeal swabs collected for culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Analysis of respiratory bacterial carriage and antibiotic resistance was by baseline and final swabs, and total swabs by year.
resultsStreptococcus pneumoniae carriage changed little over time. In contrast, carriage of Haemophilus influenzae declined and Staphylococcus aureus increased (from 0% in 2005-6 to 23% in 2010 in Alaskan children); these changes were associated with increasing age. Moraxella catarrhalis carriage declined significantly in Australian, but not Alaskan, children (from 64% in 2004-6 to 11% in 2010). While beta-lactam antibiotic use was similar in the two cohorts, Australian children received more azithromycin. Macrolide resistance was significantly higher in Australian compared to Alaskan children, while H. influenzae beta-lactam resistance was higher in Alaskan children. Azithromycin use coincided significantly with reduced carriage of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis, but increased carriage of S. aureus and macrolide-resistant strains of S. pneumoniae and S. aureus (proportion of carriers and all swabs), in a 'cumulative dose-response' relationship.
conclusionsOver time, similar (possibly age-related) changes in nasopharyngeal bacterial carriage were observed in Australian and Alaskan children with CSLD/bronchiectasis. However, there were also significant frequency-dependent differences in carriage and antibiotic resistance that coincided with azithromycin use.
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