ReviewInternational journal of environmental research and public health2013
Environmental drivers of West Nile fever epidemiology in Europe and Western Asia--a review.
Review in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 102 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
102 citing papers in PubMed.
- An Explainable Machine Learning Framework for Predicting West Nile Virus and Uncovering Key Transmission Drivers.GeoHealth · 2026Article
- Endemic progression of autochthonous West Nile virus infections in Europe.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2026Review
- Risk assessment of West Nile fever in equines in Europe based on an ecological niche model.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Diagnosis and Surveillance of West Nile Virus Infection in Horses: Current Methods, Challenges, and Future Directions.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- West Nile Virus in Europe: Epidemiology, Vector Ecology, Environmental Drivers, and the Role of Equine Sentinel Surveillance in a One Health Framework.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Gaps Between Awareness and Prevention of West Nile Virus Among Horse Owners in an Endemic Country: A Cross-Sectional Study from Romania.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of mosquito arboviral infections detected through xenosurveillance in Africa: A focus on West Nile, Rift Valley fever, and chikungunya virus infections.Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2026Review
- Ecological niche and risk modeling of West Nile virus using environmental and biological thresholds.Archives of microbiology · 2025Article
- Multivariate resilience indicators to anticipate vector-borne disease outbreaks: A West Nile virus case-study.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Introduction of West Nile virus lineage 2 leads to neuroinvasive cases in humans and horses in Sicily, 2022-2023.Veterinary research · 2025Article
- Seroprevalence and Passive Clinical Surveillance of West Nile Virus in Horses from Ecological High-Risk Areas in Western Romania: Exploratory Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- West Nile Virus Outbreak in Israel 2024 Compared with Previous Seasons: A Retrospective Study.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- Extreme flood and WNV transmission in Thessaly, Greece, 2023.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- West Nile Virus (WNV): One-Health and Eco-Health Global Risks.Veterinary sciences · 2025Review
- Environmental determinants of West Nile virus vector abundance at the wildlife-livestock interface.Medical and veterinary entomology · 2025Article
- Epidemiology and surveillance of West Nile virus in the Mediterranean Basin during 2010-2023: A systematic review.Current research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2025Review
- Efficient Detection of West Nile Virus in Urine Specimens by a Novel In-House RT-qPCR Detection Kit.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2025Article
- Warm winters are associated to more intense West Nile virus circulation in southern Spain.Emerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- Genomic epidemiology of West Nile virus in Europe.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Review
- Contribution of climate change to the spatial expansion of West Nile virus in Europe.Nature communications · 2024Article
42 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Abiotic and biotic conditions are both important determinants of West Nile Fever (WNF) epidemiology. Ambient temperature plays an important role in the growth rates of vector populations, the interval between blood meals, viral replication rates and transmission of West Nile Virus (WNV). The contribution of precipitation is more complex and less well understood. In this paper we discuss impacts of climatic parameters (temperature, relative humidity, precipitation) and other environmental drivers (such as bird migration, land use) on WNV transmission in Europe. WNV recently became established in southeastern Europe, with a large outbreak in the summer of 2010 and recurrent outbreaks in 2011 and 2012. Abundant competent mosquito vectors, bridge vectors, infected (viremic) migrating and local (amplifying) birds are all important characteristics of WNV transmission. In addition, certain key climatic factors, such as increased ambient temperatures, and by extension climate change, may also favor WNF transmission, and they should be taken into account when evaluating the risk of disease spread in the coming years. Monitoring epidemic precursors of WNF, such as significant temperature deviations in high risk areas, could be used to trigger vector control programs and public education campaigns.
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