ArticleJournal of Parkinson's disease2012
LINE-1 DNA methylation, smoking and risk of Parkinson's disease.
Article in Journal of Parkinson's disease, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of DNA Methylation and Histone Modifications in Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review.PloS one · 2016Pooled it
- Profiling peripheral immune cells in Parkinson's disease: A scoping review.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Review
- Proposed mechanisms of neuroprotection for nicotine in Parkinson's disease.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2025Review
- Edge of RNA m6A modification on LINE-1 retrotransposons in central nervous system: merely a transcriptional control?Epigenomics · 2025Article
- Epigenetics: the missing link between environmental exposures and Parkinson's disease?Epigenomics · 2024Article
- Linking environmental risk factors with epigenetic mechanisms in Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2023Review
- Reference LINE-1 insertion polymorphisms correlate with Parkinson's disease progression and differential transcript expression in the PPMI cohort.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The Role of Transposable Elements of the Human Genome in Neuronal Function and Pathology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Environmental Impact on the Epigenetic Mechanisms Underlying Parkinson's Disease Pathogenesis: A Narrative Review.Brain sciences · 2022Review
- Hypomethylation of LINE-1 repeat elements and global loss of DNA hydroxymethylation in vapers and smokers.Epigenetics · 2020Article
- DNA Methylation in Neurodegenerative and Cerebrovascular Disorders.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Methamphetamine (MA) Use Induces Specific Changes in LINE-1 Partial Methylation Patterns, Which Are Associated with MA-Induced Paranoia: a Multivariate and Neuronal Network Study.Molecular neurobiology · 2019Article
- DNA methylation and socioeconomic status in a Mexican-American birth cohort.Clinical epigenetics · 2018Article
- LINE-1 methylation in peripheral blood leukocytes and clinical characteristics and prognosis of prostate cancer patients.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Global methylation correlates with clinical status in multiple sclerosis patients in the first year of IFNbeta treatment.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Article
- Lack of replication of the GRIN2A-by-coffee interaction in Parkinson disease.PLoS genetics · 2014Article
- Article
- Nicotine from edible Solanaceae and risk of Parkinson disease.Annals of neurology · 2013Article
- Genotype and age at Parkinson disease diagnosis.International journal of molecular epidemiology and genetics · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLong interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1) retrotransposons are located throughout the human genome. Those retaining an intact 5' promoter can copy and insert themselves into the DNA of neural progenitor cells that express tyrosine hydroxylase, which may influence differentiation and survival of these cells. LINE-1 promoter methylation is associated with decreased LINE-1 propagation.
objectiveTo investigate whether LINE-1 promoter methylation is associated with Parkinson's disease (PD).
methodsWe compared LINE-1 methylation profiles in blood mononuclear cells between 292 newly diagnosed PD cases and 401 unrelated, neurologically normal controls, all non-Hispanic Caucasians in western Washington state.
resultsOverall, PD was not associated with percent methylation of the LINE-1 promoter. However, the predictable inverse association between PD and ever smoking tobacco was strongest for men and women with the lowest LINE-1 promoter methylation, and less apparent as LINE-1 methylation increased. Underlying this possible interaction, ever regularly smoking tobacco was associated with decreased LINE-1 methylation in controls (age- and sex-adjusted linear regression β = -0.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.43, -0.04), but not in cases (β = 0.06, 95% CI -0.17, 0.28, interaction p = 0.06).
conclusionPD cases may have innate differences in their ability to respond to tobacco smoke.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.