ArticleRetrovirology2013
Quantitative analysis of the time-course of viral DNA forms during the HIV-1 life cycle.
Article in Retrovirology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Targeting Human Immunodeficiency Virus Integrase Beyond the Active Site: The Discovery and Development of Allosteric Integrase Inhibitors.ChemMedChem · 2026Review
- Undetectable unintegrated HIV-DNA in persons with HIV: frequency and determinants.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- CPSF6 promotes HIV-1 preintegration complex function.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Expression of HIV from a 1-LTR circular DNA in the absence of integration.Retrovirology · 2025Article
- Identification of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase-Associated Ribonuclease H Inhibitors Based on 2-Hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone Mannich Bases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- HIV capsids: orchestrators of innate immune evasion, pathogenesis and pandemicity.The Journal of general virology · 2025Review
- Measuring Human Immunodeficiency Virus Reservoirs: Do We Need to Choose Between Quantity and Quality?The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Review
- POLE3 is a repressor of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA required for efficient virus integration and escape from innate immune sensing.Science advances · 2023Article
- GRL-142 binds to and impairs HIV-1 integrase nuclear localization signal and potently suppresses highly INSTI-resistant HIV-1 variants.Science advances · 2023Article
- HIV-1 3'-Polypurine Tract Mutations Confer Dolutegravir Resistance by Switching to an Integration-Independent Replication Mechanism via 1-LTR Circles.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- DNA ultra-sensitive quantification, a technology for studying HIV unintegrated linear DNA.Cell reports methods · 2023Article
- HIV Reservoir: How to Measure It?Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2023Review
- Characterization of Megabat-Favored, CA-Dependent Susceptibility to Retrovirus Infection.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- 5-Nitro-3-(2-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)hydrazineylidene)indolin-2-one derivatives inhibit HIV-1 replication by a multitarget mechanism of action.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Review
- Mutations in the 3'-PPT Lead to HIV-1 Replication without Integration.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Quantification of Total HIV DNA as a Marker to Measure Viral Reservoir: Methods and Potential Implications for Clinical Practice.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Human Three Prime Repair Exonuclease 1 Promotes HIV-1 Integration by Preferentially Degrading Unprocessed Viral DNA.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- The SMC5/6 complex compacts and silences unintegrated HIV-1 DNA and is antagonized by Vpr.Cell host & microbe · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHIV-1 DNA is found both integrated in the host chromosome and unintegrated in various forms: linear (DNAL) or circular (1-LTRc, 2-LTRc or products of auto-integration). Here, based on pre-established strategies, we extended and characterized in terms of sensitivity two methodologies for quantifying 1-LTRc and DNAL, respectively, the latter being able to discriminate between unprocessed or 3'-processed DNA.
resultsQuantifying different types of viral DNA genome individually provides new information about the dynamics of all viral DNA forms and their interplay. For DNAL, we found that the 3'-processing reaction was efficient during the early stage of the replication cycle. Moreover, strand-transfer inhibitors (Dolutegravir, Elvitegravir, Raltegravir) affected 3'-processing differently. The comparisons of 2-LTRc accumulation mediated by either strand-transfer inhibitors or catalytic mutation of integrase indicate that 3'-processing efficiency did not influence the total 2-LTRc accumulation although the nature of the LTR-LTR junction was qualitatively affected. Finally, a significant proportion of 1-LTRc was generated concomitantly with reverse transcription, although most of the 1-LTRc were produced in the nucleus.
conclusionsWe describe the fate of viral DNA forms during HIV-1 infection. Our study reveals the interplay between various forms of the viral DNA genome, the distribution of which can be affected by mutations and by inhibitors of HIV-1 viral proteins. In the latter case, the quantification of 3'-processed DNA in infected cells can be informative about the mechanisms of future integrase inhibitors directly in the cell context.
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