ArticlePloS one2013
Targeting proliferating cell nuclear antigen and its protein interactions induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells.
Article in PloS one, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting PCNA in Cancer: A Paradigm Shift from Static Inhibition to Dynamic Network Modulation.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Characterisation of the expression of P2X7 receptor, cancer stem cell markers and immunological mediators in human high-grade gliomas.BMC neuroscience · 2025Article
- Transforming cancer immunotherapy: integration of distinct immune-based approaches as redefined dual immunotherapy with potential third-sensitizer.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Versatile enhancement of the killing potential of anti-cancer agents achieved by peptide mimetics of the PCNA interface towards specialized DNA polymerases.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Targeting MDM2, RAS, and PCNA for cancer targeted therapy: pan-cancer approaches vs. cancer-specific strategies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Expression of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA) in Nasal Polyp: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2025Article
- Exploring the Chemical Features and Biomedical Relevance of Cell-Penetrating Peptides.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Cancer-Targeting Applications of Cell-Penetrating Peptides.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
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- The bacterial DNA sliding clamp, β-clamp: structure, interactions, dynamics and drug discovery.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Review
- Identification of a potent PCNA-p15-interaction inhibitor by autodisplay-based peptide library screening.Microbial biotechnology · 2024Article
- A FRET-Based Assay for the Identification of PCNA Inhibitors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The TT Genotype of theCells · 2023Article
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- Therapeutic advances in leiomyosarcoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- NKp44-Derived Peptide Used in Combination Stimulates Antineoplastic Efficacy of Targeted Therapeutic Drugs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Redesigning of Cell-Penetrating Peptides to Improve Their Efficacy as a Drug Delivery System.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Immunotherapy for Leukemia.Cancers · 2022Review
- Identification and Functional Characterization ofInsects · 2022Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a hematological cancer that is considered incurable despite advances in treatment strategy during the last decade. Therapies targeting single pathways are unlikely to succeed due to the heterogeneous nature of the malignancy. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a multifunctional protein essential for DNA replication and repair that is often overexpressed in cancer cells. Many proteins involved in the cellular stress response interact with PCNA through the five amino acid sequence AlkB homologue 2 PCNA-interacting motif (APIM). Thus inhibiting PCNA's protein interactions may be a good strategy to target multiple pathways simultaneously. We initially found that overexpression of peptides containing the APIM sequence increases the sensitivity of cancer cells to contemporary therapeutics. Here we have designed a cell-penetrating APIM-containing peptide, ATX-101, that targets PCNA and show that it has anti-myeloma activity. We found that ATX-101 induced apoptosis in multiple myeloma cell lines and primary cancer cells, while bone marrow stromal cells and primary healthy lymphocytes were much less sensitive. ATX-101-induced apoptosis was caspase-dependent and cell cycle phase-independent. ATX-101 also increased multiple myeloma cells' sensitivity against melphalan, a DNA damaging agent commonly used for treatment of multiple myeloma. In a xenograft mouse model, ATX-101 was well tolerated and increased the anti-tumor activity of melphalan. Therefore, targeting PCNA by ATX-101 may be a novel strategy in multiple myeloma treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.