ArticleBrain structure & function2014
Role of bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and amygdala AMPA receptors in the development and expression of context conditioning and sensitization of startle by prior shock.
Article in Brain structure & function, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chemogenetic modulation of CRF neurons in the BNST compensates for phenotypic behavioral differences in fear extinction learning of 5-HT2C receptor mutant mice.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Article
- A sex-specific role for the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in proactive defensive behavior.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Conditional and unconditional components of aversively motivated freezing, flight and darting in mice.eLife · 2022Article
- Behavioral and brain mechanisms mediating conditioned flight behavior in rats.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- NMDA receptors in the CeA and BNST differentially regulate fear conditioning to predictable and unpredictable threats.Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2020Article
- Phasic signaling in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis during fear learning predicts within- and across-session cued fear expression.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2020Article
- Threat imminence dictates the role of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in contextual fear.Neurobiology of learning and memory · 2020Article
- Role of the PACAP system of the extended amygdala in the acoustic startle response in rats.Neuropharmacology · 2019Article
- Chronic stress induces cell type-selective transcriptomic and electrophysiological changes in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.Neuropharmacology · 2019Article
- Article
- The Role of Cholinergic Midbrain Neurons in Startle and Prepulse Inhibition.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2018Article
- Optogenetic silencing of a corticotropin-releasing factor pathway from the central amygdala to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis disrupts sustained fear.Molecular psychiatry · 2018Article
- Differential Recruitment of Competing Valence-Related Amygdala Networks during Anxiety.Neuron · 2017Article
- Role of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in aversive learning and memory.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2017Review
- Oxytocin receptor neurotransmission in the dorsolateral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis facilitates the acquisition of cued fear in the fear-potentiated startle paradigm in rats.Neuropharmacology · 2017Article
- Abundant collateralization of temporal lobe projections to the accumbens, bed nucleus of stria terminalis, central amygdala and lateral septum.Brain structure & function · 2017Article
- The Human BNST: Functional Role in Anxiety and Addiction.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2016Review
- Stress Modulation of Opposing Circuits in the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2016Review
- Neuropeptide regulation of signaling and behavior in the BNST.Molecules and cells · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A core symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder is hyper-arousal-manifest in part by increases in the amplitude of the acoustic startle reflex. Gewirtz et al. (Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 22:625-648, 1998) found that, in rats, persistent shock-induced startle increases were prevented by pre-test electrolytic lesions of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST). We used reversible inactivation to determine if similar effects reflect actions on (a) BNST neurons themselves versus fibers-of-passage, (b) the development versus expression of such increases, and (c) associative fear versus non-associative sensitization. Twenty-four hours after the last of three shock sessions, startle was markedly enhanced when rats were tested in a non-shock context. These increases decayed over the course of several days. Decay was unaffected by context exposure, and elevated startle was restored when rats were tested for the first time in the original shock context. Thus, both associative and non-associative components could be measured under different conditions. Pre-test intra-BNST infusions of the AMPA receptor antagonist NBQX (3 μg/side) blocked the non-associative (as did infusions into the basolateral amygdala) but not the associative component, whereas pre-shock infusions disrupted both. NBQX did not affect baseline startle or shock reactivity. These results indicate that AMPA receptors in or very near to the BNST are critical for the expression and development of non-associative shock-induced startle sensitization, and also for context fear conditioning, but not context fear expression. More generally, they suggest that treatments targeting the BNST may be clinically useful for treating trauma-related hyper-arousal and perhaps for retarding its development.
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