Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23934545›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of cancer2014

Loss of PPARγ expression in mammary secretory epithelial cells creates a pro-breast tumorigenic environment.

Anthony J Apostoli, Graham E A Skelhorne-Gross, Rachel E Rubino, Nichole T Peterson, Michael A Di Lena, Mark M Schneider, Sandip K SenGupta, Christopher J B Nicol

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of cancer, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 16% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. The Importance of Breast Adipose Tissue in Breast Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Anthony J ApostoliDepartment of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
Graham E A Skelhorne-Gross
Rachel E Rubino
Nichole T Peterson
Michael A Di Lena
Mark M Schneider
Sandip K SenGupta
Christopher J B Nicol
Queen's University · CA

Funding

Canadian Institutes of Health Research 84498
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Breast cancer is the leading cause of new cancer diagnoses among women. Using peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ((+/-)) mice, we showed normal expression of PPARγ was critical to stop 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast tumorigenesis. PPARγ is expressed in many breast cell types including mammary secretory epithelial (MSE) cells. MSEs proliferate as required during pregnancy, and undergo apoptosis or reversible transdifferentiation during involution once lactation is complete. Thus, MSE-specific loss of PPARγ was hypothesized to enhance DMBA-mediated breast tumorigenesis. To test this, MSE cell-specific PPARγ knockout (PPARγ-MSE KO) and control (PPARγ-WT) mice were generated, mated and allowed to nurse for three days. One week after involution, dams were treated with DMBA to initiate breast tumors, and randomized on week 7 to continue receiving a normal chow diet (DMBA Only: PPARγ-WT, n = 15; PPARγ-MSE KO, n = 25) or one supplemented with a PPARγ activating drug (DMBA + ROSI: PPARγ-WT, n = 17; PPARγ-MSE KO, n = 24), and monitored for changes in breast tumor outcomes. PPARγ-MSE KOs had significantly lower overall survival and decreased mammary tumor latency as compared to PPARγ-WT controls. PPARγ activation significantly reduced DMBA-mediated malignant mammary tumor volumes irrespective of genotype. MSE-specific PPARγ loss resulted in decreased mammary gland expression of PTEN and Bax, increased superoxide anion production, and elevated serum eotaxin and RANTES, creating a protumorigenic environment. Moreover, PPARγ activation in MSEs delayed mammary tumor growth in part by down-regulating Cox-1, Cox-2 and cyclin D1. Collectively, these studies highlight a protective role of MSE-specific PPARγ during breast tumorigenesis, and support a novel chemotherapeutic role of PPARγ activation in breast cancer.

Indexed as

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthraceneAnimalsbcl-2-Associated X ProteinEpithelial CellsFemaleMammary Glands, AnimalMammary Neoplasms, ExperimentalMiceMice, KnockoutPPAR gammaPTEN Phosphohydrolase9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthraceneBax protein, mousebcl-2-Associated X ProteinPPAR gammaPTEN PhosphohydrolasePten protein, mousebreast cancerchemical carcinogenesischemotherapyknockout mouse modelmammary secretory epithelial cellsPPARγ

Identifiers

PMID23934545
PMCPMC4233966
OpenAlexW1955966143

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.