ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation2013
Microglial activation underlies cerebellar deficits produced by repeated cannabis exposure.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 115 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Neural Substrate of Reward Anticipation in Health: A Meta-Analysis of fMRI Findings in the Monetary Incentive Delay Task.Neuropsychology review · 2018Pooled it
- Effects of phytocannabinoids, synthetic and semi-synthetic cannabinoids on microglia and astrocytes: Review of neuroinflammatory mechanisms.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2026Review
- Sex-specific role of microglia in ΔNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Effects of acute THC challenge on behavior and neuroinflammation in HIV-1 Tg26 mice vary based on HIV status, chronic THC history, and sex.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- Memory impairment and chronic high-dose Δ9-THC/cannabis exposure: a narrative review of molecular mechanisms underlying neurotoxic effects.Psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Neuroimaging evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in psychiatric disorders: a review.Psychoradiology · 2026Review
- Abuse Potential and Neurotoxic Effects of the Synthetic Cannabinoid 4F-ABUTINACA Self-Administration in Adult Male Rats.Addiction biology · 2026Article
- Considering the Effects of Cannabinoids and Exercise on the Brain: A Narrative Review.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Potential roles for microglia in drug addiction: Adolescent neurodevelopment and beyond.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2025Review
- Neurobiological intersections of stress and substance use disorders.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- Neuropsychiatric Burden of SARS-CoV-2: A Review of Its Physiopathology, Underlying Mechanisms, and Management Strategies.Viruses · 2024Review
- Microglia in neuroimmunopharmacology and drug addiction.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Review
- The HMGB1-RAGE axis in nucleus accumbens facilitates cocaine-induced conditioned place preference via modulating microglial activation.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- Imaging and Genetic Tools for the Investigation of the Endocannabinoid System in the CNS.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Microglial cannabinoid receptor type 1 mediates social memory deficits in mice produced by adolescent THC exposure and 16p11.2 duplication.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Microglia NLRP3 Inflammasome and Neuroimmune Signaling in Substance Use Disorders.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Investigating TSPO levels in occupation-related posttraumatic stress disorder.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- THC and CBD: Villain versus Hero? Insights into Adolescent Exposure.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Enhancing axonal myelination in seniors: A review exploring the potential impact cannabis has on myelination in the aged brain.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Review
- Hippocampal Deletion of CB1 Receptor Impairs Social Memory and Leads to Age-Related Changes in the Hippocampus of Adult Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic cannabis exposure can lead to cerebellar dysfunction in humans, but the neurobiological mechanisms involved remain incompletely understood. Here, we found that in mice, subchronic administration of the psychoactive component of cannabis, delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), activated cerebellar microglia and increased the expression of neuroinflammatory markers, including IL-1β. This neuroinflammatory phenotype correlated with deficits in cerebellar conditioned learning and fine motor coordination. The neuroinflammatory phenotype was readily detectable in the cerebellum of mice with global loss of the CB1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R, Cb1(-/-) mice) and in mice lacking CB1R in the cerebellar parallel fibers, suggesting that CB1R downregulation in the cerebellar molecular layer plays a key role in THC-induced cerebellar deficits. Expression of CB2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2R) and Il1b mRNA was increased under neuroinflammatory conditions in activated CD11b-positive microglial cells. Furthermore, administration of the immunosuppressant minocycline or an inhibitor of IL-1β receptor signaling prevented the deficits in cerebellar function in Cb1(-/-) and THC-withdrawn mice. Our results suggest that cerebellar microglial activation plays a crucial role in the cerebellar deficits induced by repeated cannabis exposure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.