ArticleCellular immunology
Helper T cells down-regulate CD4 expression upon chronic stimulation giving rise to double-negative T cells.
Article in Cellular immunology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Persistent CD4Cellular immunology · 2026Article
- Comparable restimulation of human T cells activated with CD3/CD28 beads versus soluble antibody complexes.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Increased CD95Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Dual inhibition of CSF-1R and IDO modulates the fibrotic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Antigen-Specifically Activated CD8+ and Double-Negative T Cells Accumulate in the Brain of Alzheimer's Disease Mice.Aging and disease · 2025Article
- Multinucleated giant cells are hallmarks of ovarian aging with unique immune and degradation-associated molecular signatures.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- Differential effects of immobilized CCL21 and ICAM1 on TILs with distinct expansion properties.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Lymphocytes and innate immune cells in acute kidney injury and repair.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2024Review
- Chronic malaria exposure is associated with inhibitory markers on T cells that correlate with atypical memory and marginal zone-like B cells.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2024Article
- Antigen-driven colonic inflammation is associated with development of dysplasia in primary sclerosing cholangitis.Nature medicine · 2023Article
- Blocking activation of CD4Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2023Article
- Article
- Adoptive Cell Therapy for T-Cell Malignancies.Cancers · 2022Review
- Glucocorticoid prevents CD138 expression in T cells of autoimmune MRL/Molecular medicine reports · 2022Article
- Role of T cells in ischemic acute kidney injury and repair.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2022Review
- Review
- Tumor-Specific CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Heterogeneity of T Cells in Atherosclerosis Defined by Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing and Cytometry by Time of Flight.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2021Review
- LangChuangHeJi decoction ameliorates lupus via preventing accumulation of CD138+ T cells in MRL/lpr mice.American journal of translational research · 2021Article
- T-B Lymphocyte Interactions Promote Type 1 Diabetes Independently of SLAM-Associated Protein.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Double-negative T (DNT) cells are αβTCR(+)CD3(+)CD4(-)CD8(-)NK1.1(-) cells that constitute a small but significant proportion of the αβTCR(+) T cells. Their developmental pathway and pathological significance remain unclear. In the present study, we utilized chronic in vitro stimulation of CD4(+) T cells to mimic immune hyper-activation of autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus, conditions characterized by DNT cells accumulation. After approximately 4-5 rounds of stimulation, the CD3(+)CD4(-) population became apparent. These cells did not express CD8, NK1.1, γδTCR, or B220, exhibited a highly proliferative effector phenotype, and were dependent on T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation for survival. Moreover, CD3(+)CD4(-) cells expressed MHC class II-restricted αβTCR, indicative of their origin from a CD4(+) T cell population. The results presented herein illustrate a novel method of DNT cell generation in vitro and suggest that immune hyper-activation could also be implicated in the genesis of the disease-associated DNT cells in vivo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.