ReviewTranslational stroke research2013
Biological sex and mechanisms of ischemic brain injury.
Review in Translational stroke research, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- The causal relationship between steroid hormones and risk of stroke: evidence from a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Molecular brain · 2025Pooled it
- Gender differences and survival after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Internal and emergency medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Article
- Exercise Improves Cerebral Blood Flow and Functional Outcomes in an Experimental Mouse Model of Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (VCID).Translational stroke research · 2024Article
- Stroke-Heart Syndrome: Does Sex Matter?Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- Impact of sex and role of coronary artery disease in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest presenting with refractory ventricular arrhythmias.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- Biological determinants impact the neurovascular toxicity of nicotine and tobacco smoke: A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics perspective.Neurotoxicology · 2022Review
- Sex differences in recovery of motor function in a rhesus monkey model of cortical injury.Biology of sex differences · 2021Article
- Clocks, Rhythms, Sex, and Hearts: How Disrupted Circadian Rhythms, Time-of-Day, and Sex Influence Cardiovascular Health.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- Clinical impact of estradiol/testosterone ratio in patients with acute ischemic stroke.BMC neurology · 2021Article
- Treadmill Exercise During Cerebral Hypoperfusion Has Only Limited Effects on Cognitive Function in Middle-Aged Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Dementia Mice.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2021Article
- MicroRNA profiling of the pig periaqueductal grey (PAG) region reveals candidates potentially related to sex-dependent differences.Biology of sex differences · 2020Article
- Treadmill Exercise Suppresses Cognitive Decline and Increases White Matter Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells in a Mouse Model of Prolonged Cerebral Hypoperfusion.Translational stroke research · 2020Article
- Pregnancy, postpartum and parity: Resilience and vulnerability in brain health and disease.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2020Review
- Sex Differences in Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury: The Role of Mitochondrial Permeability Transition.Neurochemical research · 2019Review
- When the Female Heart Stops: Sex and Gender Differences in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Epidemiology and Resuscitation.Clinical therapeutics · 2019Article
- What does the research say about androgen use and cerebrovascular events?Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2018Review
- Age and Sex Are Critical Factors in Ischemic Stroke Pathology.Endocrinology · 2018Review
- Endogenous Expression of ODN-Related Peptides in Astrocytes Contributes to Cell Protection Against Oxidative Stress: Astrocyte-Neuron Crosstalk Relevance for Neuronal Survival.Molecular neurobiology · 2018Article
- Pannexin1 knockout and blockade reduces ischemic stroke injury in female, but not in male mice.Oncotarget · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cerebrovascular disease is a leading cause of death-from-disease and of disability worldwide, affecting some 15 million people. The incidence of stroke or "brain attack" is unlikely to recede for a decade at minimum by most predictions, despite large public health initiatives in stroke prevention. It has been well established that stroke is also one of the most strikingly sex-specific diseases in its epidemiology, and in some cases, in patient outcomes. For example, women sustain lower rates of ischemic stroke relative to men, even beyond their menopausal years. In contrast, outcomes are worse in women in many clinical studies. The biological basis for this sexual dimorphism is a compelling story, and both hormone-dependent and hormone-independent factors are involved, the latter of which is the subject of this brief review. Understanding the molecular and cell-based mechanisms underlying sex differences in ischemic brain injury is an important step toward personalized medicine and effective therapeutic interventions in patients of both sexes.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.