Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23929705›Full record

ArticleChemMedChem2013

In silico optimization of a fragment-based hit yields biologically active, high-efficiency inhibitors for glutamate racemase.

Katie L Whalen, Anthony C Chau, M Ashley Spies

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ChemMedChem, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Katie L WhalenDivision of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, University of Iowa, 115 South Grand Avenue, Iowa City, IA 52242 (USA); Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 (USA).
Anthony C Chau
M Ashley Spies
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign · USUniversity of Iowa · US

Funding

Exploiting Enzyme Plasticity in Drug Discovery: application to glutamate racemaseR01GM097373 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI SPIES, MICHAEL ASHLEY · 2012 to 2020
$2.7M
Determination of the Biological Roles and Chemical Mechanisms of the Glutamate RaR21AI076830 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN · PI SPIES, MICHAEL ASHLEY · 2009 to 2010
$433k
NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI076830NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM097373
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A novel lead compound for inhibition of the antibacterial drug target, glutamate racemase (GR), was optimized for both ligand efficiency and lipophilic efficiency. A previously developed hybrid molecular dynamics-docking and scoring scheme, FERM-SMD, was used to predict relative potencies of potential derivatives prior to chemical synthesis. This scheme was successful in distinguishing between high- and low-affinity binders with minimal experimental structural information, saving time and resources in the process. In vitro potency was increased approximately fourfold against GR from the model organism, B. subtilis. Lead derivatives show two- to fourfold increased antimicrobial potency over the parent scaffold. In addition, specificity toward B. subtilis over E. coli and S. aureus depends on the substituent added to the parent scaffold. Finally, insight was gained into the capacity for these compounds to reach the target enzyme in vivo using a bacterial cell wall lysis assay. The outcome of this study is a novel small-molecule inhibitor of GR with the following characteristics: Ki=2.5 μM, LE=0.45 kcal mol(-1) atom(-1), LiPE=6.0, MIC50=260 μg mL(-1) against B. subtilis, EC50, lysis=520 μg mL(-1) against B. subtilis.

Indexed as

Amino Acid IsomerasesAnti-Bacterial AgentsBacillus subtilisBenzimidazolesBinding SitesCatalytic DomainDrug DesignEnzyme InhibitorsEscherichia coliLigandsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMolecular Docking SimulationStaphylococcus aureusSulfonic AcidsAmino Acid IsomerasesAnti-Bacterial AgentsbenzimidazoleBenzimidazolesEnzyme Inhibitorsglutamate racemaseLigandsSulfonic Acidsantibioticsfragment‐based drug discoveryglutamate racemaseheterocyclic aromaticsinhibitors

Identifiers

PMID23929705
PMCPMC4040332
OpenAlexW2041432151

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.