ArticleAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine2013
Epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections and associated chronic macrolide use among persons with cystic fibrosis.
Article in American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 136 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibiotic treatment for non-tuberculous mycobacteria lung infection in people with cystic fibrosis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Guideline
- Meta-analysis of the adverse effects of long-term azithromycin use in patients with chronic lung diseases.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2014Pooled it
- Co-infection withFrontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- TheMicroorganisms · 2025Review
- The Epidemiology of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Cystic Fibrosis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Analysis of non-tuberculous mycobacteria types in high tuberculosis endemic areas.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Article
- The Advance and Clinical Practice on Lung Disease Caused byInfection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Comparative analysis of non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung disease and lung colonization: a case-control study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Investigation of a cluster of rapidly growing mycobacteria infections associated with joint replacement surgery in a Kentucky hospital, 2013-2014 with 8-year follow-up.American journal of infection control · 2023Article
- The Rapid Reduction of Infection-Related Visits and Antibiotic Use Among People With Cystic Fibrosis After Starting Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Impact of chronic co-infection in pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex disease after treatment initiation.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2022Article
- CFTR modulator use and risk of nontuberculous mycobacteria positivity in cystic fibrosis, 2011-2018.ERJ open research · 2022Article
- Population Genomics ofAnnals of the American Thoracic Society · 2021Article
- Talaromyces marneffei and nontuberculous mycobacteria co-infection in HIV-negative patients.Scientific reports · 2021Observational
- Article
- HflX is a GTPase that controls hypoxia-induced replication arrest in slow-growing mycobacteria.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- [Evidence-based treatment of cystic fibrosis].Der Internist · 2020Review
- Mycobacterium abscessus Clearance by Neutrophils Is Independent of Autophagy.Infection and immunity · 2020Article
- Antimicrobial Treatment Provides a Competitive Advantage to Mycobacterium abscessus in a Dual-Species Biofilm with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
rationalePersons with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at high risk of nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection, with treatment requiring prolonged multidrug regimens that include macrolides. Although macrolides, specifically azithromycin, are used in the management of patients with CF with chronic Pseudomonas, macrolide-resistant NTM infections are of growing concern.
objectivesTo evaluate the relationship between chronic macrolide use and NTM infection among patients with CF included in the 2011 CF Patient Registry (CFPR).
methodsWe performed a nested case-control study: incident NTM cases were persons aged more than 5 years with at least one positive culture for NTM in 2011. Controls were persons with negative cultures in 2010 and 2011. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsThe 2011 CFPR included 27,112 patients; 5,403 (20%) were cultured for mycobacteria in 2010-2011 and met all inclusion criteria. Of these, 191 (4%) were NTM-positive in 2011 only (cases); 5,212 (96%) were NTM-negative in 2010 and 2011 (control subjects). Among the cases, 122 (64%) were culture-positive for Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and 69 (36%) for M. abscessus. Azithromycin use in 2010 was less frequently reported among MAC cases (57%; odds ratio = 0.7, P < 0.05) and M. abscessus cases (51%; odds ratio = 0.5, P < 0.01) than in control subjects (66%). Among adolescents and adults, patients with the greatest number of years on chronic macrolides were the least likely to develop incident NTM in 2011 (P < 0.01).
conclusionsPatients with incident NTM infections from either MAC or M. abscessus were less likely to have had chronic azithromycin treatment in the past year. However, because macrolide monotherapy may lead to macrolide resistance, routine screening for NTM should be considered for persons with CF.
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