ArticleJournal of virology2013
Rotavirus NSP4 Triggers Secretion of Proinflammatory Cytokines from Macrophages via Toll-Like Receptor 2.
Article in Journal of virology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- A novel glycoform of the rotavirus outer capsid protein VP7 is secreted from polarized cells and activates innate immune cells.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Porcine Rotavirus NSP4 Inhibits Type I Interferon Production via NRBF2-Mediated Autophagic Degradation of MDA-5.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Mutations of two amino acids in VP5 mediate the attenuation of human rotavirus vaccine: evidence fromJournal of virology · 2025Article
- TREM-1 Interacts with Rotavirus Proteins and Drives Inflammatory Responses: A Combined Experimental and Computational Approach.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- An Immunoinformatic Approach for Identifying and Designing Conserved Multi-Epitope Vaccines for Coronaviruses.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Bifidobacterium breve M-16 V and scGOS/lcFOS Supplementation to Dams Ameliorates Infant Rotavirus Infection in Early Life.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2024Article
- In Silico Development of a Multi-Epitope Subunit Vaccine against Bluetongue Virus inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Prospects for the use of viral proteins for the construction of chimeric toxins.Archives of virology · 2024Review
- Article
- Network pharmacology, computational biology integrated surface plasmon resonance technology reveals the mechanism of ellagic acid against rotavirus.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Cell membrane-bound toll-like receptor-1/2/4/6 monomers and -2 heterodimer inhibit enterovirus 71 replication by activating the antiviral innate response.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Scratching the Surface Takes a Toll: Immune Recognition of Viral Proteins by Surface Toll-like Receptors.Viruses · 2022Review
- Co-infection of porcine deltacoronavirus and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus induces early TRAF6-mediated NF-κB and IRF7 signaling pathways through TLRs.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Rotavirus infection-associated central nervous system complications: clinicoradiological features and potential mechanisms.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2022Article
- Toll-like Receptor Mediation in SARS-CoV-2: A Therapeutic Approach.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Hemagglutinin protein of Peste des Petits Ruminants virus (PPRV) activates the innate immune response via Toll-like receptor 2 signaling.Virulence · 2021Article
- Article
- Transcriptome Analysis for Genes Associated with Small Ruminant Lentiviruses Infection in Goats of Carpathian Breed.Viruses · 2021Article
- Incomplete response to Anti-VEGF therapy in neovascular AMD: Exploring disease mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nonstructural protein 4 (NSP4), encoded by rotavirus, exhibits various properties linked to viral pathogenesis, including enterotoxic activity. A recent study (O. V. Kavanagh et al., Vaccine 28:3106-3111, 2010) indicated that NSP4 also has adjuvant properties, suggesting a possible role in the innate immune response to rotavirus infection. We report here that NSP4 purified from the medium of rotavirus-infected Caco-2 cells triggers the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines from macrophage-like THP-1 cells and nitric oxide from murine RAW 264.7 cells. Secretion is accompanied by the stimulation of p38 and JNK mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor NF-κB. NSP4 triggered the secretion of cytokines from murine macrophages derived from wild-type but not MyD88(-/-) or Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2(-/-)) mice and induced secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8) from human embryonic kidney cells transfected with TLR2 but not TLR4. Our studies identify NSP4 as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) encoded by rotavirus and provide a mechanism for the production of proinflammatory cytokines associated with the clinical symptoms of infection in humans and animals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.