ReviewThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2013
Relapsing fever borreliae in Africa.
Review in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Louse-borne relapsing fever-A systematic review and analysis of the literature: Part 1-Epidemiology and diagnostic aspects.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Quantitative polymerase chain reaction from malaria rapid diagnostic tests to detect Borrelia crocidurae in Mali.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Ticks and tick-borne diseases on southwestern Indian Ocean islands.Parasites & vectors · 2026Review
- Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and tick-borne diseases in Cameroon: Current understanding and future directions for more comprehensive surveillance.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Review
- Surveillance of tick-borne pathogens in domestic dogs from Chad, Africa.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Tick-Borne Diseases of Humans and Animals in West Africa.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- Pathogen Detection inMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Borrelia Ecology and Evolution: Ticks and Hosts and the Environment.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Mechanism of Borrelia immune evasion by FhbA-related proteins.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Early Transcriptional Changes in the Midgut ofMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Parasitology and One Health-Perspectives on Africa and Beyond.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Review
- Multiple vector-borne pathogens of domestic animals in Egypt.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- A soft tick Ornithodoros moubata salivary protein OmCI is a potent inhibitor to prevent avian complement activation.Ticks and tick-borne diseases · 2020Article
- Line Immunoblot Assay for Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever and Findings in Patient Sera from Australia, Ukraine and the USA.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Case Report and Genetic Sequence Analysis of Candidatus Borrelia kalaharica, Southern Africa.Emerging infectious diseases · 2018Article
- The epidemiology of febrile illness in sub-Saharan Africa: implications for diagnosis and management.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2018Review
- Update on Tick-Borne Bacterial Diseases in Travelers.Current infectious disease reports · 2018Review
- Detection of relapsing fever Borrelia spp., Bartonella spp. and Anaplasmataceae bacteria in argasid ticks in Algeria.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The study of relapsing fever borreliae in Africa has long suffered from the use of non-specific laboratory tools for the direct detection of these spirochetes in clinical and vector specimens. Accordingly, Borrelia hispanica, Borrelia crocidurae, Borrelia duttonii, and Borrelia recurrentis have traditionally been distinguished on the basis of geography and vector and the unproven hypothesis that each species was exclusive to one vector. The recent sequencing of three relapsing fever Borrelia genomes in our laboratory prompted the development of more specific tools and a reappraisal of the epidemiology in Africa. Five additional potential species still need to be cultured from clinical and vector sources in East Africa to further assess their uniqueness. Here, we review the molecular evidence of relapsing fever borreliae in hosts and ectoparasites in Africa and explore the diversity, geographical distribution, and vector association of these pathogens for Africans and travelers to Africa.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.