Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23925370›Full record

ArticleArchivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis2013

The immunomodulatory activity of Staphylococcus aureus products derived from biofilm and planktonic cultures.

Beata Sadowska, Marzena Więckowska-Szakiel, Małgorzata Paszkiewicz, Barbara Różalska

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Archivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Microbial and host innate immune factors affecting the persistence ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Challenges and limitations in using bacterial metabolites as immunomodulators.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Review
  4. Bidirectional effects of neutrophils onJournal of oral microbiology · 2025
    Article
  5. Biofilm Formation byInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Immunometabolism in biofilm infection: lessons from cancer.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2022
    Review
  8. International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
  9. Gastrointestinal biofilms in health and disease.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2021
    Review
  10. Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm is a potent inducer of phagocyte hyperinflammation.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2019
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Beata SadowskaDepartment of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Lodz, Poland, bsad@biol.uni.lodz.pl.
Marzena Więckowska-Szakiel
Małgorzata Paszkiewicz
Barbara Różalska
University of Łódź · PL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biofilms are probably one of the most common structures formed by microorganisms in various environments. The higher resistance of such microbial communities to stress conditions, including antibiotics and host immune response, is recently extensively studied. However, the weak activity of phagocytic cells against microbial biofilm is not yet fully understood and explained. The aim of this study was: (1) a qualitative and quantitative comparison of cell components/products released from Staphylococcus aureus biofilm or planktonic cultures, (2) evaluation of the influence of such cell components/products on murine leukocytes secretory function. For this, mouse peritoneal leukocytes were stimulated with biofilm or planktonic staphylococcal cultures or their acellular filtrates, and then the production of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, MCP-1 and MIP-1α), hemolytic activity and staphylokinase (SAK) production was determined. It was found that similar staphylococcal components/products possessing the immunomodulatory properties, were present in both, biofilm and planktonic filtrates. Moreover, these compounds were similarly active in the stimulation of TNF-α and MCP-1 release from leukocytes. The hemolytic activity and SAK release by planktonic and biofilm cultures were also comparable. What is interesting, stronger stimulatory activity of biofilm-derived components/products of clinical S. aureus strains in the case of MIP-1α, IL-6 and IL-10 was noticed. On the other hand, taking into consideration the reference strains, MIP-1α production was enhanced by "planktonic filtrates". Thus, in our study it was proved, first of all, that biofilm is not a structure fully separated from the external environment. Second, the influence of these S. aureus constituents/metabolites on leukocytes seems to be more strain-dependent than culture phenotype-dependent. The lack of one common profile of biofilm and planktonic S. aureus cultures/filtrates biological activity indicates that the disturbances in cytokines' production could not be the only reason for the so-called "frustrated phagocytosis", connected with enhanced biofilm resistance.

Indexed as

BiofilmsAnimalsCells, CulturedCystic FibrosisCytokinesDrug Resistance, MicrobialHemolysisHumansImmune EvasionImmunity, InnateMacrophages, PeritonealMetalloendopeptidasesMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMutationNeutrophilsauR protein, Staphylococcus aureusCytokinesMetalloendopeptidasesPolysaccharides, Bacterial

Identifiers

PMID23925370
PMCPMC3779082
OpenAlexW2085620952

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.