ArticleAIDS (London, England)2013
Breastfeeding is associated with decreased pneumonia incidence among HIV-exposed, uninfected Kenyan infants.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of pneumonia and its associated factors among under-five children in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2020Pooled it
- A mobile health-facilitated behavioural intervention for community health workers improves exclusive breastfeeding and early infant HIV diagnosis in India: a cluster randomized trial.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2020Trial
- Complementary Feeding and Diarrhea and Respiratory Infection Among HIV-Exposed Tanzanian Infants.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2017Trial
- The aetiology of diarrhoea, pneumonia and respiratory colonization of HIV-exposed infants randomized to breast- or formula-feeding.Paediatrics and international child health · 2016Trial
- Morbidity in relation to feeding mode in African HIV-exposed, uninfected infants during the first 6 mo of life: the Kesho Bora study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2014Trial
- "I love my baby more than they do": infant feeding decision-making among mothers living with HIV in the United States.AIDS care · 2026Article
- Incidence of Pneumonia and Predictors Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Children at Public Health Institutions in the Northwest Part of Ethiopia: Multicenter Retrospective Follow-Up Study.Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics · 2022Article
- Breastmilk Feeding during the First 4 to 6 Months of Age and Childhood Disease Burden until 10 Years of Age.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Breastfeeding Behaviors and the Innate Immune System of Human Milk: Working Together to Protect Infants against Inflammation, HIV-1, and Other Infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Breastfeeding Is Associated with Decreased Risk of Hospitalization among HIV-Exposed, Uninfected Kenyan Infants.Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association · 2016Article
- Tuberculosis Infection in Early Childhood and the Association with HIV-exposure in HIV-uninfected Children in Rural Uganda.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2016Article
- High Rates of Exclusive Breastfeeding in Both Arms of a Peer Counseling Study Promoting EBF Among HIV-Infected Kenyan Women.Breastfeeding medicine : the official journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine · 2016Article
- Treatment Failures and Excess Mortality Among HIV-Exposed, Uninfected Children With Pneumonia.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2015Article
- Breast milk pharmacokinetics of efavirenz and breastfed infants' exposure in genetically defined subgroups of mother-infant pairs: an observational study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2015Observational
- The effect of exposure to wood smoke on outcomes of childhood pneumonia in Botswana.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2015Article
- Increased morbidity in early childhood among HIV-exposed uninfected children in Uganda is associated with breastfeeding duration.Journal of tropical pediatrics · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveHIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants have higher infectious disease morbidity and mortality than unexposed infants. We determined the incidence and risk factors for pneumonia, a leading cause of infant mortality worldwide, in a cohort of HEU infants. Identifying predictors of pneumonia among HEU infants may enable early identification of those at highest risk.
designA retrospective cohort of HEU infants participating in a Kenyan perinatal HIV study, enrolled between 1999 and 2002.
methodsInfants were followed monthly from birth to 12 months. Incidence of pneumonia diagnosed at monthly study visits, sick-child visits or by means of averbal autopsy was estimated with a 14-day window for new episodes. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to identify predictors of first pneumonia occurrence.
resultsAmong 388 HEU infants with 328 person-years of follow-up, the incidence of pneumonia was 900/1000 child-years [95% confidence interval (CI) 800-1000]. Maternal HIV viral load at 32 weeks' gestation [hazard ratio 1.2 (1.0-1.5) per log10 difference] and being underweight (weight-for-age Z-score <-2) at the previous visit [hazard ratio 1.8 (1.1-2.8)] were associated with increased risk of pneumonia. Breastfed infants had a 47% lower risk of pneumonia than those never breastfed [hazard ratio 0.53 (0.39-0.73)], independent of infant growth, maternal viral load and maternal CD4%. Breastfeeding was also associated with a 74% lower risk of pneumonia-related hospitalization [hazard ratio 0.26 (0.13-0.53)].
conclusionsThe incidence of pneumonia in this cohort of HEU infants was high. Our observations suggest that maternal viral suppression and breastfeeding may reduce the burden of pneumonia among HEU infants.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.