ArticleMenopause (New York, N.Y.)2013
Scientific rationale for postmenopause delay in the use of conjugated equine estrogens among postmenopausal women that causes reduction in breast cancer incidence and mortality.
Article in Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-term hormone therapy for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Sex hormone associations with breast cancer risk and the mediation of randomized trial postmenopausal hormone therapy effects.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2014Trial
- Estrogen Receptor and the Unfolded Protein Response: Double-Edged Swords in Therapy for Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer.Targeted oncology · 2022Review
- Turning scientific serendipity into discoveries in breast cancer research and treatment: a tale of PhD students and a 50-year roaming tamoxifen team.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2021Review
- Estrogen-alone therapy and invasive breast cancer incidence by dose, formulation, and route of delivery: findings from the WHI observational study.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2018Observational
- The molecular, cellular and clinical consequences of targeting the estrogen receptor following estrogen deprivation therapy.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2015Review
- Estrogen receptor mutations found in breast cancer metastases integrated with the molecular pharmacology of selective ER modulators.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2015Article
- The new biology of estrogen-induced apoptosis applied to treat and prevent breast cancer.Endocrine-related cancer · 2015Review
- Molecular modulation of estrogen-induced apoptosis by synthetic progestins in hormone replacement therapy: an insight into the women's health initiative study.Cancer research · 2014Article
- Linking estrogen-induced apoptosis with decreases in mortality following long-term adjuvant tamoxifen therapy.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2014Article
- Menopausal hormone therapy and cancer: changing clinical observations of target site specificity.Steroids · 2014Review
- Article
- A(nother) scientific strategy to prevent breast cancer in postmenopausal women by enhancing estrogen-induced apoptosis?Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2014Article
- Avoiding the bad and enhancing the good of soy supplements in breast cancer.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2014Article
- Differences in the rate of oestrogen-induced apoptosis in breast cancer by oestradiol and the triphenylethylene bisphenol.British journal of pharmacology · 2014Article
- Tamoxifen as the first targeted long-term adjuvant therapy for breast cancer.Endocrine-related cancer · 2014Review
- Defining the conformation of the estrogen receptor complex that controls estrogen-induced apoptosis in breast cancer.Molecular pharmacology · 2014Article
- Delayed triggering of oestrogen induced apoptosis that contrasts with rapid paclitaxel-induced breast cancer cell death.British journal of cancer · 2014Article
- Inhibition of c-Src blocks oestrogen-induced apoptosis and restores oestrogen-stimulated growth in long-term oestrogen-deprived breast cancer cells.European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2014Article
- c-Src modulates estrogen-induced stress and apoptosis in estrogen-deprived breast cancer cells.Cancer research · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
High-dose synthetic estrogens were the first successful chemical therapy used in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer in postmenopausal women, and this approach became the standard of care in postmenopausal women with metastatic breast cancer between the 1950s and the end of the 1970s. The most recent analysis of the Women's Health Initiative estrogen-alone trial in hysterectomized women revealed a persistently significant decrease in the incidence of breast cancer and breast cancer mortality. Although estrogens are known to induce the proliferation of breast cancer cells, we have shown that physiologic concentrations induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells with long-term estrogen deprivation. We have developed laboratory models that illustrate the new biology of estrogen-induced apoptosis or growth to explain the effects of estrogen therapy. The key to the success of estrogen therapy lies in a sufficient period of withdrawal of physiologic estrogens (5-10 y) and the subsequent regrowth of nascent breast tumor cells that survive under estrogen-deprived conditions. These nascent tumors are now vulnerable to estrogen-induced apoptosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.