ArticleEcology and evolution2013
Evolutionary dynamics of giant viruses and their virophages.
Article in Ecology and evolution, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hydrothermal regimes regulate microbiome patterns across vertical profile and their responses to alpine permafrost degradation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Uncovering novel virophages and giant viruses in high-altitude Lake Namtso: diversity and evolution of host-virus-virophage tripartite interaction systems.Archives of microbiology · 2026Article
- Microalga-virus-virophage coculture reveals co-infection of multi-virophages with a giant virus.Archives of virology · 2026Article
- Conserved tripartite tail proteins mediate virophage-host interactions throughJournal of virology · 2025Article
- Epidemic evolutionarily stable strategies within an age-structured host population.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- The polinton-like supergroup of viruses: evolution, molecular biology, and taxonomy.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024Review
- Endogenous virophages are active and mitigate giant virus infection in the marine protistProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Ecological and evolutionary dynamics of cell-virus-virophage systems.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Virophage infection mode determines ecological and evolutionary changes in a host-virus-virophage system.The ISME journal · 2024Article
- Evolution of exploitation and replication of giant viruses and virophages.Virus evolution · 2024Article
- Virophages-Known and Unknown Facts.Viruses · 2023Review
- Article
- Giant virus vs amoeba: fight for supremacy.Virology journal · 2019Review
- Review
- Virophages of Giant Viruses: An Update at Eleven.Viruses · 2019Review
- Guarani Virophage, a New Sputnik-Like Isolate From a Brazilian Lake.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Polintons, virophages and transpovirons: a tangled web linking viruses, transposons and immunity.Current opinion in virology · 2017Review
- Marine and giant viruses as indicators of a marine microbial community in a riverine system.MicrobiologyOpen · 2016Article
- Iflavirus increases its infectivity and physical stability in association with baculovirus.PeerJ · 2016Article
- Provirophages in the Bigelowiella genome bear testimony to past encounters with giant viruses.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Giant viruses contain large genomes, encode many proteins atypical for viruses, replicate in large viral factories, and tend to infect protists. The giant virus replication factories can in turn be infected by so called virophages, which are smaller viruses that negatively impact giant virus replication. An example is Mimiviruses that infect the protist Acanthamoeba and that are themselves infected by the virophage Sputnik. This study examines the evolutionary dynamics of this system, using mathematical models. While the models suggest that the virophage population will evolve to increasing degrees of giant virus inhibition, it further suggests that this renders the virophage population prone to extinction due to dynamic instabilities over wide parameter ranges. Implications and conditions required to avoid extinction are discussed. Another interesting result is that virophage presence can fundamentally alter the evolutionary course of the giant virus. While the giant virus is predicted to evolve toward increasing its basic reproductive ratio in the absence of the virophage, the opposite is true in its presence. Therefore, virophages can not only benefit the host population directly by inhibiting the giant viruses but also indirectly by causing giant viruses to evolve toward weaker phenotypes. Experimental tests for this model are suggested.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.