ArticleJournal of medical virology2013
Detection and molecular characterisation of noroviruses in hospitalised children in Malawi, 1997-2007.
Article in Journal of medical virology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rotavirus vaccines in Africa and Norovirus genetic diversity in children aged 0 to 5 years old: a systematic review and meta-analysis : Rotavirus vaccines in Africa and Norovirus genetic diversity.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Community-based surveillance of norovirus disease: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Pooled it
- Global prevalence of norovirus in cases of gastroenteritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2014Pooled it
- Person-to-Person Transmission During a Norovirus Outbreak in a Korean Kindergarten: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Cryptosporidium and Giardia infections in under-five children with diarrhoea in Blantyre, Malawi.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Norovirus Genetic Diversity in Children under Five Years Old with Acute Diarrhea in Mozambique (2014-2015).Viruses · 2022Article
- Etiology of Diarrhea Among Hospitalized Children in Blantyre, Malawi, Following Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction: A Case-Control Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Review
- Monitoring telehealth vomiting calls as a potential public health early warning system for seasonal norovirus activity in Ontario, Canada.Epidemiology and infection · 2019Article
- Genetic and epidemiological analysis of norovirus from children with gastroenteritis in Botswana, 2013-2015.BMC infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Pediatric norovirus GII.4 infections in Nicaragua, 1999-2015.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Etiology of Severe Acute Watery Diarrhea in Children in the Global Rotavirus Surveillance Network Using Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Norovirus infections in young children in Lusaka Province, Zambia: clinical characteristics and molecular epidemiology.BMC infectious diseases · 2017Article
- Norovirus prevalence and estimated viral load in symptomatic and asymptomatic children from rural communities of Vhembe district, South Africa.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2016Article
- Norovirus vaccines: Correlates of protection, challenges and limitations.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2016Review
- Genetic characterization of norovirus strains in hospitalized children from Pakistan.Journal of medical virology · 2016Article
- Norovirus Epidemiology in Africa: A Review.PloS one · 2016Review
- Article
- Article
- Current Status of Norovirus Infections in Children in Sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of tropical medicine · 2015Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Despite the increasing recognition of noroviruses as major pathogens associated with community-acquired diarrhoea in children, there are few studies from Africa. Long-term surveillance studies of rotavirus gastroenteritis in Malawian children have provided an opportunity to undertake a study of the importance and epidemiological features of norovirus infection in this population. Faecal specimens were collected from children <5 years of age admitted to hospital with acute diarrhoea, as well as from a comparison group of diarrhoea-free children, in Blantyre, Malawi between 1997 and 2007. Norovirus was detected using real-time PCR and strains genotyped by nucleotide sequence analysis. Norovirus was detected in 220/1,941 (11.3%) faecal specimens, comprising genogroup GI (1.8%), GII (9.4%) and mixed GI/GII (0.1%). The median age of children with norovirus was 6 months (range, 0-48 months). Norovirus was detected throughout the year, with peaks at the end of the rainy season (March) and towards the end of the dry season (August-November). Norovirus GII.4 was the most commonly detected genotype accounting for 70% of strains characterised, followed by GII.2 (6%), GII.6 (4%) and GII.12 (4%). Sub typing of GII.4 noroviruses demonstrated local circulation of strains prior to their subsequent detection in association with global epidemics of gastroenteritis. The prevalence of norovirus in children without diarrhoea was similar to the level in cases. This largest study to date of norovirus infection in African children indicates the potential role of paediatric surveillance in predicting the emergence of norovirus strains with global epidemic potential.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.