ArticleRevista Brasileira de terapia intensiva2012
The use of 2% chlorhexidine gel and toothbrushing for oral hygiene of patients receiving mechanical ventilation: effects on ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Article in Revista Brasileira de terapia intensiva, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Oral hygiene care for critically ill patients to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Oral hygiene care for critically ill patients to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Combination of toothbrushing and chlorhexidine compared with exclusive use of chlorhexidine to reduce the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia: A systematic review with meta-analysis.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)Pooled it
- Evaluating the Efficacy of Nanosil Mouthwash on the Preventing Pulmonary Infection in Intensive Care Unit: a Randomized Clinical Trial.Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina) · 2018Trial
- Oral Hygiene Interventions and Pneumonia Prevention in Critical Care: An Integrative Review of Evidence and Practice.International journal of dentistry · 2026Review
- Oropharyngeal Interventions in Intubated Patients for Preventing Ventilator Associated Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Multi-Variate Network Meta-Analysis Evaluating Pharmacological Agents.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Testing the Stable Unit Treatment Variance Assumption (SUTVA) Within Cochrane Reviews of Antimicrobial-Based Pneumonia Prevention Interventions Among Mechanically Ventilated Patients Using Caterpillar Plots.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Chlorhexidine is not effective at any concentration in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2024Article
- Meta-Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Chlorhexidine for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Prevention in Mechanically Ventilated Patients.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Laryngoscope-assisted and cotton ball wiping methods in prevention of oral and pulmonary infection in patients receiving mechanical ventilation and the influence on hypersensitive C-reactive protein and procalcitonin.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2019Article
- Comparison of the effect of oral care with four different antiseptics to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: protocol for a network meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2017Article
- Can routine oral care with antiseptics prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients receiving mechanical ventilation? An update meta-analysis from 17 randomized controlled trials.International journal of clinical and experimental medicine · 2015Article
- Topical antimicrobials for burn infections - an update.Recent patents on anti-infective drug discovery · 2013Review
- The practice of dentistry in intensive care units in Brazil.Revista Brasileira de terapia intensivaArticle
- To: The use of 2% chlorhexidine gel and toothbrushing for oral hygiene of patients receiving mechanical ventilation: effects on ventilator-associated pneumonia.Revista Brasileira de terapia intensivaArticle
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the effects of oral chlorhexidine hygiene with toothbrushing on the rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia in a mixed population of critically ill patients under prolonged mechanical ventilation.
methodsProspective, randomized, and placebo-controlled pilot study. Patients who were receiving mechanical ventilation, had been admitted less than 24 hours prior, and were anticipated to require mechanical ventilation for more than 72 hours were included in the study. The patients were randomly divided into one of the following groups: chlorhexidine hygiene with toothbrushing or a placebo group (gel with the same color and consistency and toothbrushing).
resultsThe planned interim analysis was conducted using 52 patients, and the study was terminated prematurely. In total, 28 patients were included in the chlorhexidine / toothbrushing group, and 24 patients were included in the placebo group. Ventilator-associated pneumonia occurred in 45.8% of the placebo group and in 64.3% of the chlorhexidine hygiene with toothbrushing group (RR=1.4; 95% CI=0.83-2.34; p=0.29).
conclusionBecause the study was terminated due to futility, it was not possible to evaluate the impact of oral hygiene using 2% chlorhexidine and toothbrushing on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in this heterogeneous population of critical patients receiving long-term mechanical ventilation, and no beneficial effect was observed for this intervention.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.