SynthesisArquivos brasileiros de cardiologia2013
Epicardial fat: definition, measurements and systematic review of main outcomes.
Synthesis in Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 141 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
141 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Heart Failure Phenotypes - A Meta-Analysis.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2022Pooled it
- Effect of exercise on epicardial adipose tissue in adults: a systematic review and meta-analyses.Heart failure reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Association Between Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Stroke.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Effect ofNutrients · 2023Trial
- Reduction of cardiac adipose tissue volume with short-term empagliflozin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes: A substudy from the SIMPLE randomized clinical trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2023Trial
- Association of epicardial adipose tissue with serum level of cystatin C in type 2 diabetes.PloS one · 2017Trial
- Epicardial and pericardial adipose tissue: anatomy, physiology, imaging, segmentation, and treatment effects.The British journal of radiology · 2026Review
- Association of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Thickness With Heart Rate Variability and Electrocardiographic Markers of Electrical Heterogeneity in Obesity.Annals of noninvasive electrocardiology : the official journal of the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology, Inc · 2026Article
- Association of epicardial fat volume with early outcomes in patients undergoing cryoablation for atrial fibrillation.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Article
- The Volume and Density of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Measured by Computed Tomography as Markers of the Effects of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Article
- Circulating RBP4 and FABP4 concentrations in patients with chronic schizophrenia are associated with increased epicardial adipose tissue volume and metabolic syndrome.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Systolic Versus Diastolic Echocardiographic Assessment of Epicardial Adipose Tissue for the Detection of Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Research on epicardial adipose tissue as a metabolic therapeutic target in AF: focus on GLP-1 receptor agonists.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Association of the Triglyceride Glucose Index and Epicardial Adipose Tissue with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated by Coronary Atherosclerotic Heart Disease.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- Epicardial Adipocytes in Cardiac Pathology and Healing.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2025Review
- Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Liver Fibrosis in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Liver Disease.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Article
- Associations between cardiac adipose tissue and abdominal visceral fat and muscle based on computed tomography area and density.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Automated detection of epicardial adipose tissue in cardiac CT using ensemble machine learning for improved diagnosis.MethodsX · 2025Article
- The interaction of lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum with pericardial adipose tissue biomarkers by computed tomography.European radiology · 2025Article
- Prevalence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis and association with coronary artery calcifications in Slovenia.Radiology and oncology · 2025Article
81 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Epicardial fat (EF) is a visceral fat deposit, located between the heart and the pericardium, which shares many of the pathophysiological properties of other visceral fat deposits, It also potentially causes local inflammation and likely has direct effects on coronary atherosclerosis. Echocardiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have been used to evaluate EF, but variations between methodologies limit the comparability between these modalities. We performed a systematic review of the literature finding associations of EF with metabolic syndrome and coronary artery disease. The summarization of these associations is limited by the heterogeneity of the methods used and the populations studied, where most of the subjects were at high cardiovascular disease risk. EF is also associated with other known factors, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, age and hypertension, which makes the interpretation of its role as an independent risk marker intricate. Based on these data, we conclude that EF is a visceral fat deposit with potential implications in coronary artery disease. We describe the reference values of EF for the different imaging modalities, even though these have not yet been validated for clinical use. It is still necessary to better define normal reference values and the risk associated with EF to further evaluate its role in cardiovascular and metabolic risk assessment in relation to other criteria currently used.
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