Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23916927›Full record

SynthesisJournal of the American College of Cardiology2013

Secretory phospholipase A(2)-IIA and cardiovascular disease: a mendelian randomization study.

Michael V Holmes, Tabassome Simon, Holly J Exeter, Lasse Folkersen, Folkert W Asselbergs, Montse Guardiola, Jackie A Cooper, Jutta Palmen, Jaroslav A Hubacek, Kathryn F Carruthers and 103 more

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
52citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

52 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Plasma interleukin 6 levels are associated with cardiac function after ST-elevation myocardial infarction.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2019
    Trial
  6. Group IIA Secretory Phospholipase AArteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2019
    Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Association ofBiomedical reports · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. The Link between Prostanoids and Cardiovascular Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
  20. Human Genomics and Drug Development.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2022
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

113 authors.

Michael V HolmesFaculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: mvholmes@gmail.com.
Tabassome SimonAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, URC-EST, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France; INSERM, U 698, Paris, France.
Holly J ExeterCentre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Lasse FolkersenAtherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
Folkert W AsselbergsDepartment of Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Montse GuardiolaUnitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, CIBERDEM, Reus, Spain.
Jackie A CooperCentre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Jutta PalmenCentre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Jaroslav A HubacekCenter for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
Kathryn F CarruthersCentre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Benjamin D HorneIntermountain Heart Institute, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Kimberly D BrunisholzIntermountain Heart Institute, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Jessica L MegaTIMI Study Group, Divison of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Erik P A van IperenDurrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Mingyao LiDepartment of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Maarten LeusinkDivision of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Stella TrompetDepartment of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Jeffrey J W VerschurenDepartment of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
G Kees HovinghDepartment of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Abbas DehghanDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Member of the Netherlands Consortium on Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, the Netherlands.
Christopher P NelsonDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Salma KottiAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, URC-EST, Paris, France.
Nicolas DanchinAssistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Department of Cardiology, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Paris V, Paris, France.
Markus ScholzInstitute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; LIFE: Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Christiane L HaaseDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Dietrich RothenbacherInstitute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany; Division of Clinical Epidemiology & Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
Daniel I SwerdlowFaculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Karoline B KuchenbaeckerCentre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Eleonora Staines-UriasFaculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Anuj GoelWellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Ferdinand van 't HooftAtherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
Karl GertowAtherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
Ulf de FaireDivision of Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Andrie G PanayiotouCyprus Cardiovascular Educational and Research Trust, Nicosia, Cyprus and Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health in association with the Harvard School of Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus.
Elena TremoliDipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Universitá di Milano, Milan, Italy; Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Damiano BaldassarreDipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Universitá di Milano, Milan, Italy; Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Fabrizio VegliaCentro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Lesca M HoldtLIFE: Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Munich (LMU), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Frank BeutnerLIFE: Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Department of Internal Medicine/Cardiology, Heart Center, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Ron T GansevoortUniversity Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Internal Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Gerjan J NavisUniversity Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Internal Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Irene Mateo LeachUniversity Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Lutz P BreitlingDivision of Clinical Epidemiology & Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
Hermann BrennerDivision of Clinical Epidemiology & Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
Joachim ThieryLIFE: Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Dhayana DallmeierDepartment of Internal Medicine II-Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.
Anders Franco-CerecedaCardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Jolanda M A BoerDepartment for Nutrition and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
Jeffrey W StephensDiabetes Research Group, Institute of Life Sciences, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom.
Marten H HofkerDepartment of Pathology and Medical Biology, Medical Biology Section, Molecular Genetics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Alain TedguiInserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France.
Albert HofmanDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Member of the Netherlands Consortium on Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, the Netherlands.
André G UitterlindenMember of the Netherlands Consortium on Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Vera AdamkovaCenter for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
Jan PithaCenter for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
N Charlotte Onland-MoretJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Maarten J CramerDepartment of Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Hendrik M NathoeDepartment of Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Wilko SpieringDepartment of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Olaf H KlungelDivision of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Meena KumariFaculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Peter H WhincupDivision of Population Health Sciences and Education, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom.
David A MorrowTIMI Study Group, Divison of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Peter S BraundDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Alistair S HallLeeds Institute of Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Anders G OlssonStockholm Heart Center, Stockholm, and Linköping University, Linkőping, Sweden.
Pieter A DoevendansDepartment of Cardiology, Division Heart and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Mieke D TripDepartment of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Martin D TobinDepartments of Health Sciences & Genetics, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Anders HamstenAtherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
Hugh WatkinsWellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Wolfgang KoenigDepartment of Internal Medicine II-Cardiology, University of Ulm Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.
Andrew N NicolaidesDepartment of Vascular Surgery, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Cyprus Cardiovascular Educational and Research Trust, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Daniel TeupserLIFE: Leipzig Research Center for Civilization Diseases, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Munich (LMU), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Ian N M DayAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, URC-EST, Paris, France.
John F CarlquistIntermountain Heart Institute, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Tom R GauntMRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology (CAiTE), and Bristol Genetic Epidemiology Laboratories (BGEL), School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Ian FordRobertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Naveed SattarBritish Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Sotirios TsimikasDivision of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Gregory G SchwartzVA Medical Center and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado.
Debbie A LawlorMRC Centre for Causal Analyses in Translational Epidemiology (CAiTE), and Bristol Genetic Epidemiology Laboratories (BGEL), School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Richard W MorrisDepartment of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, London, United Kingdom.
Manjinder S SandhuVA Medical Center and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado.
Rudolf PoledneCenter for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
Anke H Maitland-van der ZeeDivision of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Kay-Tee KhawDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Brendan J KeatingCenter for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Pim van der HarstUniversity Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Cardiology, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Jackie F PriceCentre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Shamir R MehtaDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Interventional Cardiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Salim YusufPopulation Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Jaqueline C M WittemanDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Member of the Netherlands Consortium on Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, the Netherlands.
Oscar H FrancoDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Member of the Netherlands Consortium on Healthy Aging (NCHA), Leiden, the Netherlands.
J Wouter JukemaDurrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Peter de KnijffDepartment of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Anne Tybjaerg-HansenDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Daniel J RaderPreventive Cardiovascular Medicine, Penn Heart and Vascular Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Martin FarrallWellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Nilesh J SamaniDepartment of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Leicester NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Disease, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
Mika KivimakiFaculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Keith A A FoxCentre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Steve E HumphriesCentre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Jeffrey L AndersonIntermountain Heart Institute, Intermountain Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah.
S Matthijs BoekholdtDepartment of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Tom M PalmerDivision of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom.
Per ErikssonAtherosclerosis Research Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
Guillaume ParéDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Laboratory, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Aroon D HingoraniFaculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Centre for Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Marc S SabatineTIMI Study Group, Divison of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Ziad MallatInserm U970, Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Juan P CasasFaculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Juan.Pablo-Casas@lshtm.ac.uk.
Philippa J TalmudCentre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.

Funding

CHANGES IN HEALTH: SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS AND PATHWAYSR37AG013196 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF LONDON INST OF NEUROLOGY · PI MARMOT, MICHAEL G · 1999 to 2008
$4.3M
Socio-economic status and heterogeneity in agingR01AG013196 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF LONDON INST OF NEUROLOGY · PI MARMOT, MICHAEL G, SINGH-MANOUX, ARCHANA · 1996 to 2013
$3.5M
Socioeconomic gradient in CHD in early old ageR01HL036310 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF LONDON · PI KIVIMAKI, MIKA J, MARMOT, MICHAEL G · 1986 to 2012
$3.1M
Health behaviors over the adult lifecourse and cognitive agingR01AG034454 · NIA · UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON · PI KIVIMAKI, MIKA J, SINGH-MANOUX, ARCHANA · 2009 to 2013
$1.5M
British Heart Foundation PG/08/094/26019British Heart Foundation PG/09/022/26739British Heart Foundation RG/08/008/25291British Heart Foundation RG/08/013/25942British Heart Foundation RG/10/001/27643British Heart Foundation RG/13/2/30098Medical Research Council G0401527Medical Research Council G0600705Medical Research Council G0801566Medical Research Council G0802432Medical Research Council G0902313Medical Research Council G1000143Medical Research Council MC_UU_12013/5NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL036310NIA NIH HHS R01 AG013196NIA NIH HHS R01 AG034454NIA NIH HHS R37 AG013196Wellcome Trust 090532
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study sought to investigate the role of secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2)-IIA in cardiovascular disease.

backgroundHigher circulating levels of sPLA2-IIA mass or sPLA2 enzyme activity have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events. However, it is not clear if this association is causal. A recent phase III clinical trial of an sPLA2 inhibitor (varespladib) was stopped prematurely for lack of efficacy.

methodsWe conducted a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis of 19 general population studies (8,021 incident, 7,513 prevalent major vascular events [MVE] in 74,683 individuals) and 10 acute coronary syndrome (ACS) cohorts (2,520 recurrent MVE in 18,355 individuals) using rs11573156, a variant in PLA2G2A encoding the sPLA2-IIA isoenzyme, as an instrumental variable.

resultsPLA2G2A rs11573156 C allele associated with lower circulating sPLA2-IIA mass (38% to 44%) and sPLA2 enzyme activity (3% to 23%) per C allele. The odds ratio (OR) for MVE per rs11573156 C allele was 1.02 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98 to 1.06) in general populations and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.90 to 1.03) in ACS cohorts. In the general population studies, the OR derived from the genetic instrumental variable analysis for MVE for a 1-log unit lower sPLA2-IIA mass was 1.04 (95% CI: 0.96 to 1.13), and differed from the non-genetic observational estimate (OR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.61 to 0.79). In the ACS cohorts, both the genetic instrumental variable and observational ORs showed a null association with MVE. Instrumental variable analysis failed to show associations between sPLA2 enzyme activity and MVE.

conclusionsReducing sPLA2-IIA mass is unlikely to be a useful therapeutic goal for preventing cardiovascular events.

Indexed as

Gene Expression RegulationAllelesCardiovascular DiseasesDNAGlobal HealthHumansIncidenceMendelian Randomization AnalysisPhospholipases A2, SecretoryDNAPhospholipases A2, SecretoryACSacute coronary syndrome(s)cardiovascular diseasesCIconfidence intervaldrug developmentepidemiologygeneticsLDL-Clow-density lipoprotein cholesterolmajor vascular eventsMendelian randomizationMIMVEmyocardial infarctionodds ratioORrandomized clinical trialRCTsecretory phospholipase A(2)single-nucleotide polymorphismSNPsPLA(2)

Identifiers

PMID23916927
PMCPMC3826105

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