ArticlePathogens and global health2013
Clinical features, diagnostic tools, and treatment regimens for visceral leishmaniasis in Bulgaria.
Article in Pathogens and global health, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Autochthonous and Imported Visceral Leishmaniasis in Bulgaria-Clinical Experience and Treatment of Patients.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Serology for visceral leishmaniasis: How trusty is the accuracy reported by the manufacturers?Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2023Review
- Clinical Misdiagnosis of COVID-19 Infection with Confusing Clinical Course.Case reports in infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in eight Balkan countries: historical review and region-wide entomological survey.Parasites & vectors · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeVisceral leishmaniasis (VL), caused by the parasite Leishmania infantum, which was once largely confined to Southern Europe is now being diagnosed throughout Northern Europe, including Great Britain. In an effort to help EU clinicians improve their diagnosis and management of VL, this paper defines clinical features typical of the disease as it presents in Bulgaria, where VL is endemic.
methodsThe list of clinical symptoms presented here was gleaned from the medical records (patient histories, epidemiological survey cards, laboratory data) of 59 Bulgarian patients with VL. This study also includes microscopic, serological, and molecular laboratory techniques.
resultsDescribed and analyzed are the clinical features, diagnostic techniques, and therapeutic regimens of 59 cases--part of the total number of VL case histories (P = 120, 116 Bulgarian and 4 not Bulgarian) collected in Bulgaria over the past 24 years (1988-2011). Although all of the studied 59 cases presented with classical symptoms of VL, only in three occasions, the initial diagnosis was correct.
conclusionsLeft untreated, zooanthroponotic VL leads to debilitating chronic disease and even death. Yet, because VL is hard to recognize and relatively new to Northern Europe, misdiagnosis is common and treatment too often inappropriate and delayed.
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