Evidence map›Paper›PMID 23914733›Full record

ArticleJournal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation2013

Virtual reality for the rehabilitation of the upper limb motor function after stroke: a prospective controlled trial.

Andrea Turolla, Mauro Dam, Laura Ventura, Paolo Tonin, Michela Agostini, Carla Zucconi, Pawel Kiper, Annachiara Cagnin, Lamberto Piron

4 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract readControlled Clinical Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 95 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
95citing papers in PubMed, 14 pooled it
21.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02234531 nacompletednot on this map

Assessment of a Virtual Teacher Feedback for the Recovery of Upper Limb After Stroke.

TypeinterventionalSponsorIRCCS San Camillo, Venezia, ItalyRan2013 to 2021Enrolled124ConditionsStrokeArmsEVER TEACHER, NEVER TEACHER
NCT02321254 phase1completednot on this mapstarted 2014, after this paper: background citation

A Pilot Study of Active, Robot-assisted Therapy for Shoulder Rehabilitation After Stroke, Using Myoelectric Signals

TypeinterventionalSponsorIRCCS San Camillo, Venezia, ItalyRan2014 to 2016Enrolled10ConditionsStrokeArmsThe RehaARM-Robot, Standard rehabilitation therapy
NCT04080791 nawithdrawnnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Efficacy of Virtual Reality in Stroke Rehabilitation

TypeinterventionalSponsorWake Forest University Health SciencesRan2023 to 2024Enrolled0ConditionsIschemic StrokeArmsVirtual Reality (VR) System, Standard of care
NCT04759326 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Neurorehabilitation Through Hippotherapy on Neurofunctional Sequels of Brain Stroke: (i) Effect on Patient's Functional Independence, Sensorimotor and Cognitive Capacities and Quality of Life (ii) Effect on Caregivers' Quality of Life

TypeinterventionalSponsorAlliance EquiphoriaRan2022 to 2026Enrolled52ConditionsCerebrovascular Accident, Neurorehabilitation, Neuroplasticity, HippotherapyArmsHippotherapy, Conventional Neurorehabilitation
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

95 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 315 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Virtual reality for stroke rehabilitation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017
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35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Andrea TurollaI.R.C.C.S. Fondazione Ospedale San Camillo, Via Alberoni, 70-30126 Venezia-Lido, Italy. andrea.turolla@ospedalesancamillo.net
Mauro Dam
Laura Ventura
Paolo Tonin
Michela Agostini
Carla Zucconi
Pawel Kiper
Annachiara Cagnin
Lamberto Piron
Ospedale generale di zona San Camillo Treviso · ITUniversity of Padua · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRecent evidence has demonstrated the efficacy of Virtual Reality (VR) for stroke rehabilitation nonetheless its benefits and limitations in large population of patients have not yet been studied.

objectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness of non-immersive VR treatment for the restoration of the upper limb motor function and its impact on the activities of daily living capacities in post-stroke patients.

methodsA pragmatic clinical trial was conducted among post-stroke patients admitted to our rehabilitation hospital. We enrolled 376 subjects who had a motor arm subscore on the Italian version of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (It-NIHSS) between 1 and 3 and without severe neuropsychological impairments interfering with recovery. Patients were allocated to two treatments groups, receiving combined VR and upper limb conventional (ULC) therapy or ULC therapy alone. The treatment programs consisted of 2 hours of daily therapy, delivered 5 days per week, for 4 weeks. The outcome measures were the Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity (F-M UE) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scales.

resultsBoth treatments significantly improved F-M UE and FIM scores, but the improvement obtained with VR rehabilitation was significantly greater than that achieved with ULC therapy alone. The estimated effect size of the minimal difference between groups in F-M UE and FIM scores was 2.5 ± 0.5 (P < 0.001) pts and 3.2 ± 1.2 (P = 0.007) pts, respectively.

conclusionsVR rehabilitation in post-stroke patients seems more effective than conventional interventions in restoring upper limb motor impairments and motor related functional abilities.

trial registrationItalian Ministry of Health IRCCS Research Programme 2590412.

Indexed as

Recovery of FunctionStroke RehabilitationActivities of Daily LivingAgedExercise TherapyFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedStrokeTreatment OutcomeUpper ExtremityVirtual Reality Exposure Therapy

Identifiers

PMID23914733
PMCPMC3734026
OpenAlexW2030793785

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.