ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences2014
Heritability of and mortality prediction with a longevity phenotype: the healthy aging index.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
55 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- The Relationship Between Successful Aging and All-Cause Mortality Risk in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Measuring multimorbidity beyond counting diseases: systematic review of community and population studies and guide to index choice.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2020Pooled it
- Effect of Diet, Exercise, or Both on Biological Age and Healthy Aging in Older Adults with Obesity: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2022Trial
- Effect of Intentional Weight Loss on Mortality Biomarkers in Older Adults With Obesity.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2019Trial
- A novel clinical biomarker-based Physiology Healthy Aging Index and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A 20-year prospective cohort study.GeroScience · 2026Article
- A novel study to calculate immune-aging from peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and their mitochondrial parameters in healthy Chinese subjects.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Association between long-term healthy aging trajectories and all-cause mortality among middle-aged and older adults.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- What Makes for Healthy Ageing in the Torres Strait?The Australian journal of rural health · 2025Article
- Association of a healthy ageing index with health-related outcomes in a multi-ethnic cohort from Singapore.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Predictive ability of both the healthy aging index and the frailty index for all-cause mortality.GeroScience · 2024Article
- The coupling between healthspan and lifespan inAging · 2024Article
- Associations of healthy aging index and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a prospective cohort study of UK Biobank participants.GeroScience · 2024Article
- Measuring healthy ageing: current and future tools.Biogerontology · 2023Review
- Development of a composite healthy ageing score: evidence from middle-to-older aged Australians.Health promotion international · 2023Article
- Associations of Modified Healthy Aging Index With Major Adverse Cardiac Events, Major Coronary Events, and Ischemic Heart Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- Predictors of healthy physiological aging across generations in a 30-year population-based cohort study: the Doetinchem Cohort Study.BMC geriatrics · 2023Article
- A time-series analysis of blood-based biomarkers within a 25-year longitudinal dolphin cohort.PLoS computational biology · 2023Article
- Assessing Healthy Aging Score and Its Association With All-Cause Mortality: Findings From the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.Innovation in aging · 2023Article
- NIA Long Life Family Study: Objectives, Design, and Heritability of Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Phenotypes.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLongevity-associated genes may modulate risk for age-related diseases and survival. The Healthy Aging Index (HAI) may be a subphenotype of longevity, which can be constructed in many studies for genetic analysis. We investigated the HAI's association with survival in the Cardiovascular Health Study and heritability in the Long Life Family Study.
methodsThe HAI includes systolic blood pressure, pulmonary vital capacity, creatinine, fasting glucose, and Modified Mini-Mental Status Examination score, each scored 0, 1, or 2 using approximate tertiles and summed from 0 (healthy) to 10 (unhealthy). In Cardiovascular Health Study, the association with mortality and accuracy predicting death were determined with Cox proportional hazards analysis and c-statistics, respectively. In Long Life Family Study, heritability was determined with a variance component-based family analysis using a polygenic model.
resultsCardiovascular Health Study participants with unhealthier index scores (7-10) had 2.62-fold (95% confidence interval: 2.22, 3.10) greater mortality than participants with healthier scores (0-2). The HAI alone predicted death moderately well (c-statistic = 0.643, 95% confidence interval: 0.626, 0.661, p < .0001) and slightly worse than age alone (c-statistic = 0.700, 95% confidence interval: 0.684, 0.717, p < .0001; p < .0001 for comparison of c-statistics). Prediction increased significantly with adjustment for demographics, health behaviors, and clinical comorbidities (c-statistic = 0.780, 95% confidence interval: 0.765, 0.794, p < .0001). In Long Life Family Study, the heritability of the HAI was 0.295 (p < .0001) overall, 0.387 (p < .0001) in probands, and 0.238 (p = .0004) in offspring.
conclusionThe HAI should be investigated further as a candidate phenotype for uncovering longevity-associated genes in humans.
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Registered trials
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