ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2013
Genetically diverse Clostridium difficile strains harboring abundant prophages in an estuarine environment.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2013. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combination of mitomycin C and low-dose metronidazole synergistically againstAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Diversity ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Non-human Clostridioides difficile Reservoirs and Sources: Animals, Food, Environment.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Novel ribotype/sequence type associations and diverse CRISPR-Cas systems in environmental Clostridioides difficile strains from northern Iraq.FEMS microbiology letters · 2023Article
- The long and sinuous road to phage-based therapy ofFrontiers in medicine · 2023Review
- Diversity, Dynamics and Therapeutic Application ofViruses · 2022Review
- Clostridioides difficile phage biology and application.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2021Review
- Higher genome variability within metabolism genes associates with recurrent Clostridium difficile infection.BMC microbiology · 2021Article
- Temperate Bacteriophages (Prophages) inFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Combined Use of the Ab105-2φΔCI Lytic Mutant Phage and Different Antibiotics in Clinical Isolates of Multi-ResistantMicroorganisms · 2019Article
- Unravelling the Links between Phage Adsorption and Successful Infection in Clostridium difficile.Viruses · 2018Article
- Evolution of the Quorum network and the mobilome (plasmids and bacteriophages) in clinical strains of Acinetobacter baumannii during a decade.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- High Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Large phiCD211 (phiCDIF1296T)-Like Prophages in Clostridioides difficile.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2018Article
- Mechanistic Insights in the Success of Fecal Microbiota Transplants for the Treatment ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Use of single molecule sequencing for comparative genomics of an environmental and a clinical isolate of Clostridium difficile ribotype 078.BMC genomics · 2016Article
- Two Novel Myoviruses from the North of Iraq Reveal Insights into Clostridium difficile Phage Diversity and Biology.Viruses · 2016Article
- Bacteriophage Combinations Significantly Reduce Clostridium difficile Growth In Vitro and Proliferation In Vivo.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2016Article
- Article
- Diversity and Evolution in the Genome of Clostridium difficile.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2015Review
- Flooding and Clostridium difficile Infection: A Case-Crossover Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Clostridium difficile is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrheal disease in health care settings across the world. Despite its pathogenic capacity, it can be carried asymptomatically and has been found in terrestrial and marine ecosystems outside hospital environments. Little is known about these environmental strains, and few studies have been conducted on estuarine systems. Although prophage abundance and diversity are known to occur within clinical strains, prophage carriage within environmental strains of C. difficile has not previously been explored. In this study, we isolated C. difficile from sites sampled in two consecutive years in an English estuarine system. Isolates were characterized by PCR ribotype, antibiotic resistance, and motility. The prevalence and diversity of prophages were detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and a phage-specific PCR assay. We show that a dynamic and diverse population of C. difficile exists within these sediments and that it includes isolates of ribotypes which are associated with severe clinical infections and those which are more frequently isolated from outside the hospital environment. Prophage carriage was found to be high (75%), demonstrating that phages play a role in the biology of these strains.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.