ArticleLasers in medical science2015
Susceptibility of multispecies biofilm to photodynamic therapy using Photodithazine®.
Article in Lasers in medical science, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Photodithazine-Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy: A Systematic Review of Efficacy and Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Zerumbone combined with antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation reduces growth of Candida albicans biofilms and modulates virulence gene expression.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2026Article
- The Role of MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry in Photodynamic Therapy: From Photosensitizer Design to Clinical Applications.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- The association of DNase I with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy affects Candida albicans gene expression and promotes immunomodulatory effects in mice with candidiasis.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2025Article
- Photodynamic Effects of Topical Photosensitizer, Photodithazine Using Micro-LED for Acne Bacteria Induced Inflammation.Annals of dermatology · 2024Article
- Deciphering the killing mechanisms of potassium iodide in combination with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against cross-kingdom biofilm.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against oral biofilm: influencing factors, mechanisms, and combined actions with other strategies.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Ruthenium(II) Polypyridyl Complexes for Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy: Prospects for Application in Cystic Fibrosis Lung Airways.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Effect of curcumin-encapsulated PluronicLasers in medical science · 2022Article
- Photoinactivation of multispecies cariogenic biofilm mediated by aluminum phthalocyanine chloride encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles.Lasers in medical science · 2022Article
- In it together: Candida-bacterial oral biofilms and therapeutic strategies.Environmental microbiology reports · 2022Review
- Clinical applications of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in dentistry.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) for biofilm treatments. Possible synergy between aPDT and pulsed electric fields.Virulence · 2021Review
- Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation Using Topical and Superhydrophobic Sensitizer Techniques: A Perspective from Diffusion in Biofilms.Photochemistry and photobiology · 2021Review
- Photosensitizers Mediated Photodynamic Inactivation against Fungi.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Efficiency of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy with PhotodithazineAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Curcumin-Loaded Micelles Dispersed in Ureasil-Polyether Materials for a Novel Sustained-Release Formulation.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Biofilm formation by Candida albicans is inhibited by photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT), using chlorin e6: increase in both ROS production and membrane permeability.Lasers in medical science · 2018Article
- Influence of pre-irradiation time employed in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with diode laser.Lasers in medical science · 2018Article
- Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy to Control Clinically Relevant Biofilm Infections.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This in vitro study evaluated the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the multispecies biofilm of Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Streptococcus mutans. Standardized fungal and bacterial suspensions were cultivated appropriately for each species and inoculated in 96-well microtiter plates for mix-biofilm formation. After 48 h of incubation, the biofilms were submitted to PDT (P + L+) using Photodithazine® (PDZ) at 100, 150, 175, 200, or 250 mg/mL for 20 min and 37.5 J/cm(2) of light-emitting diode (LED) (660 nm). Additional samples were treated only with PDZ (P + L-) or LED (P-L+), or neither (control, P-L-). Afterwards, the biofilms were evaluated by quantification of colonies (CFU/mL), metabolic activity (XTT reduction assay), total biomass (crystal violet staining), and confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (p < 0.05). Compared with the control, PDT promoted a significant reduction in colonies viability of the three species evaluated with 175 and 200 mg/mL of PDZ. PDT also significantly reduced the metabolic activity of the biofilms compared with the control, despite the PDZ concentration. However, no significant difference was found in the total biomass of samples submitted or not to PDT. For all analysis, no significant difference was verified among P-L-, P + L-, and P-L+. CSLM showed a visual increase of dead cells after PDT. PDT-mediated PDZ was effective in reducing the cell viability of multispecies biofilm.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.